Telling humans and computers apart automatically

Subscribe (Full Service)


	Search: The ACM Digital Library The Guide

	Feedback
Take a look at the new version of this page: [ beta version ]. Tell us what you think.

Telling humans and computers apart automatically

Full text

Html (19 KB), Pdf

Pdf (106 KB)

Source

Communications of the ACM archive
Volume 47 , Issue 2 (February 2004) table of contents
Information cities

Pages: 56 - 60

Year of Publication: 2004

ISSN:0001-0782

Authors

Luis von Ahn	Carnegie Mellon University
Manuel Blum	Carnegie Mellon University
John Langford	Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago

Publisher

ACM New York, NY, USA

Bibliometrics

Downloads (6 Weeks): 48, Downloads (12 Months): 356, Citation Count: 29

Additional Information:

abstract references cited by index terms collaborative colleagues

Tools and Actions:	Request Permissions Review this Article Save this Article to a Binder Display Formats: BibTeX EndNote ACM Ref

DOI Bookmark:	Use this link to bookmark this Article: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/966389.966390 What is a DOI?

Warning: The download time has expired please click on the item to try again.

ABSTRACT

How lazy cryptographers do AI.

REFERENCES

Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.

	1	Ahn, L. von, Blum, M., Hopper, N.J., and Langford, J. CAPTCHA: Telling humans and computers apart. In Advances in Cryptology, Eurocrypt '03, volume 2656 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, (2003), 294--311.
	2	Ahn, L. von, Blum, M., Hopper, N.J., and Langford, J. The CAPTCHA Web page; www.captcha.net.
	3	Bongard, M.M. Pattern Recognition. Spartan Books, Rochelle Park, NJ, 1970.
	4	Chan, N. Program Byan; drive.to/research.
	5	Allison L. Coates, Pessimal Print: A Reverse Turing Test, Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, p.1154, September 10-13, 2001
	6	Lillibridge, M.D., Abadi, M., Bharat, K., and Broder, A. Method for selectively restricting access to computer systems. U.S. Patent 6,195,698.
	7	Mori, G. and Malik, J. Recognizing objects in adversarial clutter---Breaking a visual CAPTCHA. In Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, June 2003.
	8	Naor, M. Verification of a human in the loop or identification via the Turing Test; www.wisdom.weizmann.ac.il/\~naor/PAPERS/human.ps.
	9	Benny Pinkas , Tomas Sander, Securing passwords against dictionary attacks, Proceedings of the 9th ACM conference on Computer and communications security, November 18-22, 2002, Washington, DC, USA [doi>10.1145/586110.586133]
	10	Turing, A.M. Computing machinery and intelligence. Mind 59, 236 (1950), 433--460.

CITED BY 29

	Kumar Chellapilla , Kevin Larson , Patrice Simard , Mary Czerwinski, Designing human friendly human interaction proofs (HIPs), Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, April 02-07, 2005, Portland, Oregon, USA
	Philippe Golle , Nicolas Ducheneaut, Preventing bots from playing online games, Computers in Entertainment (CIE), v.3 n.3, July 2005
	Craig Gentry , Zulfikar Ramzan , Stuart Stubblebine, Secure distributed human computation, Proceedings of the 6th ACM conference on Electronic commerce, p.155-164, June 05-08, 2005, Vancouver, BC, Canada
	Ritendra Datta , Jia Li , James Z. Wang, IMAGINATION: a robust image-based CAPTCHA generation system, Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia, November 06-11, 2005, Hilton, Singapore
	Gavin Brelstaff , Francesca Chessa, Practical application of visual illusions: errare humanum est, Proceedings of the 2nd symposium on Applied perception in graphics and visualization, August 26-28, 2005, A Coroña, Spain
	Patrick Traynor , Patrick McDaniel , Thomas La Porta, On attack causality in internet-connected cellular networks, Proceedings of 16th USENIX Security Symposium on USENIX Security Symposium, p.1-16, August 06-10, 2007, Boston, MA
	Jonathan Holman , Jonathan Lazar , Jinjuan Heidi Feng , John D'Arcy, Developing usable CAPTCHAs for blind users, Proceedings of the 9th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility, October 15-17, 2007, Tempe, Arizona, USA
	Paul C. Van Oorschot , Stuart Stubblebine, On countering online dictionary attacks with login histories and humans-in-the-loop, ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC), v.9 n.3, p.235-258, August 2006
	Michael Walfish , Mythili Vutukuru , Hari Balakrishnan , David Karger , Scott Shenker, DDoS defense by offense, ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, v.36 n.4, October 2006
	Jonathan Lazar , Gabriele Meiselwitz , Jinjuan Feng, Understanding web credibility: a synthesis of the research literature, Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction, v.1 n.2, p.139-202, January 2007
	Alessandro Basso , Michele Miraglia, Avoiding Massive Automated Voting in Internet Polls, Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS), v.197 n.2, p.149-157, February, 2008
	Yu-Ru Lin , Hari Sundaram , Yun Chi , Junichi Tatemura , Belle L. Tseng, Detecting splogs via temporal dynamics using self-similarity analysis, ACM Transactions on the Web (TWEB), v.2 n.1, p.1-35, February 2008
	Waseem Daher , Ran Canetti, POSH: a generalized captcha with security applications, Proceedings of the 1st ACM workshop on Workshop on AISec, October 27-27, 2008, Alexandria, Virginia, USA
	Xian-Sheng Hua , Guo-Jun Qi, Online multi-label active annotation: towards large-scale content-based video search, Proceeding of the 16th ACM international conference on Multimedia, October 26-31, 2008, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
	Jeff Yan , Ahmad Salah El Ahmad, A low-cost attack on a Microsoft captcha, Proceedings of the 15th ACM conference on Computer and communications security, October 27-31, 2008, Alexandria, Virginia, USA
	Jeff Yan , Ahmad Salah El Ahmad, Usability of CAPTCHAs or usability issues in CAPTCHA design, Proceedings of the 4th symposium on Usable privacy and security, July 23-25, 2008, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
	Yan Wen , Jinjing Zhao , Huaimin Wang, Hiding "real" machine from attackers and malware with a minimal virtual machine monitor, Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Security and privacy in communication netowrks, September 22-25, 2008, Istanbul, Turkey
	Kurt Alfred Kluever , Richard Zanibbi, Balancing usability and security in a video CAPTCHA, Proceedings of the 5th Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security, July 15-17, 2009, Mountain View, California
	Mohammad Shirali-Shahreza , Sajad Shirali-Shahreza, A CAPTCHA system for Nintendo DS, Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Network and System Support for Games, October 21-22, 2008, Worcester, Massachusetts
	V. Srikanth , C. Vishwanathan , Udit Asati , N. Ch. Sriman Narayana Iyengar, Think-an image based CAPTCHA mechanism (testifying human based on intelligence and knowledge), Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication and Control, January 23-24, 2009, Mumbai, India
	Heather Crawford , John Aycock, Kwyjibo: automatic domain name generation, Software—Practice & Experience, v.38 n.14, p.1561-1567, November 2008
	Jeffrey P. Bigham , Anna C. Cavender, Evaluating existing audio CAPTCHAs and an interface optimized for non-visual use, Proceedings of the 27th international conference on Human factors in computing systems, April 04-09, 2009, Boston, MA, USA
	Liad Wagman , Vincent Conitzer, Optimal false-name-proof voting rules with costly voting, Proceedings of the 23rd national conference on Artificial intelligence, p.190-195, July 13-17, 2008, Chicago, Illinois
	Christopher Ariza, The interrogator as critic: The turing test and the evaluation of generative music systems, Computer Music Journal, v.33 n.2, p.48-70, Summer 2009
	Ritendra Datta , Jia Li , James Z. Wang, Exploiting the human-machine gap in image recognition for designing CAPTCHAs, IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, v.4 n.3, p.504-518, September 2009
	E. R. Vimina, An automated reverse turing test using facial expressions, Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Human System Interactions, p.311-314, May 21-23, 2009, Catania, Italy
	Jeff Yan , Su-Yang Yu, Streamlining attacks on CAPTCHAs with a computer game, Proceedings of the 21st international jont conference on Artifical intelligence, p.2095-2100, July 11-17, 2009, Pasadena, California, USA
	Donn Morrison , Stéphane Marchand-Maillet , Éric Bruno, TagCaptcha: annotating images with CAPTCHAs, Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD Workshop on Human Computation, June 28-28, 2009, Paris, France
	Patrick Traynor , Michael Lin , Machigar Ongtang , Vikhyath Rao , Trent Jaeger , Patrick McDaniel , Thomas La Porta, On cellular botnets: measuring the impact of malicious devices on a cellular network core, Proceedings of the 16th ACM conference on Computer and communications security, November 09-13, 2009, Chicago, Illinois, USA