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Illumination for computer generated pictures
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Communications of the ACM archive
Volume 18 ,  Issue 6  (June 1975) table of contents
Pages: 311 - 317  
Year of Publication: 1975
ISSN:0001-0782
Author
Bui Tuong Phong  Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA
Publisher
ACM  New York, NY, USA
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ABSTRACT

The quality of computer generated images of three-dimensional scenes depends on the shading technique used to paint the objects on the cathode-ray tube screen. The shading algorithm itself depends in part on the method for modeling the object, which also determines the hidden surface algorithm. The various methods of object modeling, shading, and hidden surface removal are thus strongly interconnected. Several shading techniques corresponding to different methods of object modeling and the related hidden surface algorithms are presented here. Human visual perception and the fundamental laws of optics are considered in the development of a shading rule that provides better quality and increased realism in generated images.


REFERENCES

Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.

 
1
MAGI, Mathematical Applications Group Inc. 3-D simulated graphics. Datamation 14 (Feb. 1968), 69.
 
2
Comba, P.G. A procedure of detecting intersections of threedimensional objects. Rep. 39,020, IBM New York Scientific Center, Jan. 1967.
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4
Mahl, R. Visible surface algorithm for quadric patches. IEEE Trans. C-21, (Jan. 1972), 1-4.
 
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7
Bui Tuong Phong and Crow, F.C. Improved rendition of polygonal models of curved surfaces. To be presented at the joint USA-Japan Computer Conference.
 
8
Warnock, J.E. A hidden-line algorithm for halftone picture representation. Dep. of Comput. Sci., U. of Utah, TR 4-15, 1969.
 
9
Watkins, G.S. A real-time visible surface algorithm. Dep. of Comput. Sci., U. of Utah, UTEC-CSc-70-101, June 1970.
 
10
Newell, M.E., Newell, R.G., and Sancha, T.L. A new approach to the shaded picture problem. Proc. ACM 1973 Nat. Conf.
 
11
Gouraud, H. Computer display of curved surfaces. Dep. of Comput. Sci., U. of Utah, UTEC-CSc-71-113, June 1971. Also in IEEE Trans. C-20 (June 1971), 623-629.

CITED BY  213