1

"Achievements by Science Students", <u>Peking Review</u>, February 27, 1976, pp. 23--24.

2

<u>ibid.</u>

3

V. Sidel, "Health Care in China and the United States", Lecture at Northwestern University School of Medicine, 1978.

4

Quoted in L. Orleans, "Community Education: Theory and Practice", in MacFarquhar, R. (ed..) <u>China Under Mao: Politics Takes Command</u>, MIT Press, 1966.

5

B. Szuprowicz, "Electronics in China", <u>US China Business Review</u>, May-June, 1976, pp. 21--43.

6

J. Sodlski, "China Trip Report", Electronic Industries Association Communication Division Delegation to the People's Republic of China, 1975.

7

See for example, <u>China: Science Walks on Two Legs</u>, Avon Books, 1974, pp. 113 ff (a report from "Science for the People").

8

J. Kho, "Computer Science in China", <u>Computers and People</u>, November, 1975, pp. 9--11.

9

<u>ibid</u>, p. 10.

10

The 013 is described in H. P. Donaghue, "Recent Visit to the People's Republic of China by the Committee of Scholarly Communication with the PRC (CSCPRC)", inter-office memorandum, September, 28, 1977, Control Data Corporation. Branscomb's comments are from memos provided by Donaghue, and from D. Shapley, "China after Mao: Science seeks to be both red and expert". <u>Science</u>, Aug. 19, 1977, pp. 739--741.

11

Queissar is quoted in Gosch, "Chinese put priority on semiconductors",<u>Electronics</u>, March 3, 1977, page 78.

12

F. Offner, "A Visit to the People's Republic of China", Mimeo, Northwestern University, April, 1977.

13

Fang Yi, "Outline national plan for the development of science and technology, relevant policies and measures", <u>Peking Review</u>, April 7, 1978, pp. 6 ff.

14

Several articles in <u>Juries Doctor</u>, Vol. 8, No. 4, April 1978, pertain to a 1977 visit to China by U.S. judges and lawyers.

15

R. and Ai-Li Chin, <u>Psychological Research in Communist China, 1949--1966</u>, MIT Press, 1969.

16

The Univac story was discussed in various articles in <u>The new York Times</u> in July, 1978. The negotiations regarding the Cyber 172 are detailed in series of memoranda and articles kindly provided by H. P. Donaghue of the Control Data Corporation.

17

R. Levine, "Selling to Chinese of computer gear is approved by U.S.", <u>Wall Street Journal</u>, October 29, 1976.

18

Kao Ling (Responsible Member of the Revolutionary Committee of the Peking Institute of Computing Technology), quoted in E. Cheatham, Jr., W. Clark, A. Holt, S. Ornstein, A. Perlis, and H. Simon, "Computing in China: a Travel Report", <u>Science</u>, Vol. 182, October 12, 1973, pp. 134--140.

19

Rob Kling , Walter Scacchi , Phillip Crabtree, The social dynamics of instrumental computer use, ACM SIGSOC Bulletin, v.10 n.1, p.9-21, July 1978  [doi>10.1145/1103680.1103681]

20

From Kling, Scacchi, and Crabtree, <u>ibid</u>.

21

From Kling and Gerson, note 19.

22

Cary is quoted in JH. McLean, "Copy on Red China trip", <u>Electronic News</u>, Nov. 21, 1977.

23

I. Berenyl, ""off the wall", <u>Computer Decisions</u>, April 1976, pp. 30--31.

24

W. Clawson, "East-West Trad", in berkman & Vernon (eds), <<u>Perspectives on International Business</u>, Rand-McNally (in press).

25

Cheatham, <u>et al</u>, note 18.

26

H. Magdoff, "The Limits of Internaal Reform", <u>Monthly Review</u>, Vol. 30, No. 1, May 1978, pp. 1--11.

27

Both Siagian and M'Bow are quoted in E. Drake Lundell, "SPIN Conference Gets Under Way", <u>Computer World</u>, Sept. 4, 1978, p. 1 ff.

28

F. Greene, <u>The Enemy</u>, Vintage Books, New York, 1969, pp. 375--376.

29

V. Sidel, note 3.

30

J. Kho, note 8.

31

Wright is quoted in W. Armitage, <u>The Rise of the Technocrates</u>, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1965, p. 236.

32

R. Volti, "Organizations and Expertise in China", <u>Administration and Society</u>, Vol. 8, No. 4, February 1977, pp. 423--458.

33

V. and Sidel, <u>A Healthy State</u>, Partheon Books, 1977.

34

See for example, A. Gordon, M. Bush, M. Gordon, and R. Lebailly, "Beyond Need: Examples in Depndency and Negglect", American Sociaological Association annual meeting, 1976.

35

This issue is discussed in D. Joravsky, "The Scientist as Conformist", N.Y. Review of Books, October 12, 1978, pp. 37--41.

36

W.Kessen. "The Chinese Paradox", <u>Yale Magazine</u>, February 1978, pp. 29--33.

37

Kling, <u>et al</u>, note 19.

38

R. Volti, note 32, p. 433.

39

Wooo Chai-wei, speech to Chinese Student Association, Northwestern University March 1977.

40

P. Seybolt, "Revolutionary Education in China: Documents and Commentary", 1973. Quoted in Volti, note 32, p. 436.

41

For a significant and informative expression of this debate, see the letters exchanged between Charles Betterheim and Neil Burton and reprinted as <u>China After Mao</u>, Monthly Review press, 1978.

42

Fang Yi, note 13.

43

Kuo Mo-jo, "Springcime for science", <u>Peking Review</u>, April ;7, 1978, pp. 15 ff.

44

Hsieh Li, "China enters a new period" <u>Peking Review</u>, May 19, 1978, pp. 6 ff.

45

See, for example, Fang Yi, note 13; and Lundell, not 27.

46

R. Volti, note 32, pagae 453.

Rob Kling, Social Analyses of Computing: Theoretical Perspectives in Recent Empirical Research, ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), v.12 n.1, p.61-110, March 1980