DFuse: a framework for distributed data fusion

ABSTRACT

Simple in-network data aggregation (or fusion) techniques for sensor networks have been the focus of several recent research efforts, but they are insufficient to support advanced fusion applications. We extend these techniques to future sensor networks and ask two related questions: (a) what is the appropriate set of data fusion techniques, and (b) how do we dynamically assign aggregation roles to the nodes of a sensor network. We have developed an architectural framework, DFuse, for answering these two questions. It consists of a data fusion API and a distributed algorithm for energy-aware role assignment. The fusion API enables an application to be specified as a coarse-grained dataflow graph, and eases application development and deployment. The role assignment algorithm maps the graph onto the network, and optimally adapts the mapping at run-time using role migration. Experiments on an iPAQ farm show that, the fusion API has low-overhead, and the role assignment algorithm with role migration significantly increases the network lifetime compared to any static assignment.

REFERENCES

• 1: ORiNOCO PC Card (SilverGold) Specification: http://www.hyperlinktech.com/web/orinoco/-orinoco pc card spec.html, 2003.
• 2: Sameer Adhikari , Arnab Paul , Umakishore Ramachandran, D-Stampede: Distributed Programming System for Ubiquitous Computing, Proceedings of the 22 nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS'02), p.209, July 02-05, 2002
• 3: M. Bhardwaj and A. Chandrakasan. Bounding the lifetime of sensor networks via optimal role assignments. In IEEE INFOCOM, 2002.
• 4: Athanassios Boulis , Chih-Chieh Han , Mani B. Srivastava, Design and implementation of a framework for efficient and programmable sensor networks, Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Mobile systems, applications and services, p.187-200, May 05-08, 2003, San Francisco, California [doi>10.1145/1066116.1066121]
• 5: I. F. Akyildiz , W. Su , Y. Sankarasubramaniam , E. Cayirci, Wireless sensor networks: a survey, Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking, v.38 n.4, p.393-422, 15 March 2002 [doi>10.1016/S1389-1286(01)00302-4]
• 6: John Heidemann , Fabio Silva , Chalermek Intanagonwiwat , Ramesh Govindan , Deborah Estrin , Deepak Ganesan, Building efficient wireless sensor networks with low-level naming, Proceedings of the eighteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles, October 21-24, 2001, Banff, Alberta, Canada
• 7: Jason Hill , Robert Szewczyk , Alec Woo , Seth Hollar , David Culler , Kristofer Pister, System architecture directions for networked sensors, Proceedings of the ninth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems, p.93-104, November 2000, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
• 8: Chalermek Intanagonwiwat , Ramesh Govindan , Deborah Estrin, Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks, Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking, p.56-67, August 06-11, 2000, Boston, Massachusetts, United States [doi>10.1145/345910.345920]
• 9: Jae-Hwan Chang and Leandros Tassiulas. Energy conserving routing in wireless ad-hoc networks. In IEEE INFOCOM, pages 22--31, 2000.
• 10: D. B. Johnson and D. A. Maltz. Dynamic source routing in ad hoc wireless networks. In Imielinski and Korth, editors, Mobile Computing, volume 353. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996.
• 11: Samuel Madden , Michael J. Franklin , Joseph M. Hellerstein , Wei Hong, TAG: a Tiny AGgregation service for Ad-Hoc sensor networks, Proceedings of the 5th symposium on Operating systems design and implementation

  Due to copyright restrictions we are not able to make the PDFs for this conference available for downloading

  , December 09-11, 2002, Boston, Massachusetts [doi>10.1145/1060289.1060303]
• 12: Netperf. The Public Netperf Homepage: http://www.netperf.org/, 2003.
• 13: Umakishore Ramachandran , Rishiyur S. Nikhil , Nissim Harel , James M. Rehg , Kathleen Knobe, Space-time memory: a parallel programming abstraction for interactive multimedia applications, Proceedings of the seventh ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Principles and practice of parallel programming, p.183-192, May 04-06, 1999, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
• 14: Suresh Singh , Mike Woo , C. S. Raghavendra, Power-aware routing in mobile ad hoc networks, Proceedings of the 4th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networking, p.181-190, October 25-30, 1998, Dallas, Texas, United States [doi>10.1145/288235.288286]
• 15: E. Zayas, Attacking the process migration bottleneck, Proceedings of the eleventh ACM Symposium on Operating systems principles, p.13-24, November 08-11, 1987, Austin, Texas, United States

INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  D. Software
  D.4 OPERATING SYSTEMS
      D.4.7 Organization and Design
          Subjects: Distributed systems

Additional Classification:
  D. Software
  D.4 OPERATING SYSTEMS
      D.4.7 Organization and Design
          Subjects: Real-time systems and embedded systems

General Terms:
Algorithms, Design, Management, Measurement

Keywords:
data fusion, energy awareness, in-network aggregation, middleware, platform, role assignment, sensor network