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ABSTRACT

In this paper, we investigate methods for improving the hit rates in the first level of memory hierarchy. Particularly, we propose victim cache structures to reduce the number of accesses to more power consuming structures such as level 2 caches. We compare the proposed victim cache techniques to increasing the associativity or the size of the level 1 data cache and show that the enhanced victim cache technique yield better energy-delay and energy-delay-area products. We also propose techniques that predict the hit/miss behavior of the victim cache accesses and bypass the victim cache when a miss can be determined quickly. We report simulation results obtained from SimpleScalar/ARM modeling a representative Network Processor architecture. The simulations show that the victim cache is able to reduce the energy consumption by as much as 17.6% (8.6% on average) while reducing the execution time by as much as 8.4% (3.7% on average) for a set of representative applications.

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INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  B. Hardware
  B.3 MEMORY STRUCTURES
      B.3.2 Design Styles

Additional Classification:
  C. Computer Systems Organization
  C.3 SPECIAL-PURPOSE AND APPLICATION-BASED SYSTEMS

General Terms:
Design, Measurement, Performance

Keywords:
miss detection, network processors, victim caches