Measuring errors in text entry tasks

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Measuring errors in text entry tasks: an application of the Levenshtein string distance statistic

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Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems archive
CHI '01 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems table of contents

Seattle, Washington

SESSION: Short talks: interaction techniques table of contents

Pages: 319 - 320

Year of Publication: 2001

ISBN:1-58113-340-5

Authors

R. William Soukoreff	York University, Toronto, Ontario
I. Scott MacKenzie	York University, Toronto, Ontario

Sponsor

SIGCHI: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction

Publisher

ACM New York, NY, USA

Bibliometrics

Downloads (6 Weeks): 13, Downloads (12 Months): 57, Citation Count: 21

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ABSTRACT

We propose a new technique based on the Levenshtein minimum string distance statistic for measuring error rates in text entry research. The technique obviates the need to artificially constrain subjects to maintain synchronization with the presented text, thus affording a more natural interaction style in the evaluation. Methodological implications are discussed, including the additional need to use keystrokes per characters (KSPC) as a dependent measure to capture the overhead in correcting errors.

REFERENCES

Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.

	1	Kruskal, J. B. An overview of sequence comparison, Time warps, string edits, and macromolecules: The theory and practice of sequence comparison, ed. D. Sankoff, and J. B. Kruskal. (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1983) 382.
	2	Levenshtein, V. I. Binary codes capable of correcting deletions, insertions and reversals, Soviet Physics-Doklady 10 (1966), 707-710.
	3	I. Scott MacKenzie , Shawn X. Zhang, The design and evaluation of a high-performance soft keyboard, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems: the CHI is the limit, p.25-31, May 15-20, 1999, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States [doi>10.1145/302979.302983]

CITED BY 21

	R. William Soukoreff , I. Scott MacKenzie, Metrics for text entry research: an evaluation of MSD and KSPC, and a new unified error metric, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, April 05-10, 2003, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA
	Jacob O. Wobbrock , Brad A. Myers , John A. Kembel, EdgeWrite: a stylus-based text entry method designed for high accuracy and stability of motion, Proceedings of the 16th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology, p.61-70, November 02-05, 2003, Vancouver, Canada
	Päivi Majaranta , Anne Aula , Kari-Jouko Räihä, Effects of feedback on eye typing with a short dwell time, Proceedings of the 2004 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications, p.139-146, March 22-24, 2004, San Antonio, Texas
	Scott MacKenzie, Mobile text entry using three keys, Proceedings of the second Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction, October 19-23, 2002, Aarhus, Denmark
	R. William Soukoreff , I. Scott MacKenzie, Recent developments in text-entry error rate measurement, CHI '04 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems, April 24-29, 2004, Vienna, Austria
	Poika Isokoski , Timo Linden, Effect of foreign language on text transcription performance: Finns writing English, Proceedings of the third Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction, p.109-112, October 23-27, 2004, Tampere, Finland
	Poika Isokoski, Performance of menu-augmented soft keyboards, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, p.423-430, April 24-29, 2004, Vienna, Austria
	I. Scott MacKenzie , R. William Soukoreff, A character-level error analysis technique for evaluating text entry methods, Proceedings of the second Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction, October 19-23, 2002, Aarhus, Denmark
	Brad A. Myers , Jacob O. Wobbrock , Sunny Yang , Brian Yeung , Jeffrey Nichols , Robert Miller, Using handhelds to help people with motor impairments, Proceedings of the fifth international ACM conference on Assistive technologies, July 08-10, 2002, Edinburgh, Scotland
	Poika Isokoski , Roope Raisamo, Quikwriting as a multi-device text entry method, Proceedings of the third Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction, p.105-108, October 23-27, 2004, Tampere, Finland
	Kevin Curran , Derek Woods , Barry O. Riordan, Investigating text input methods for mobile phones, Telematics and Informatics, v.23 n.1, p.1-21, February 2006
	Zhiwei Guan , Shirley Lee , Elisabeth Cuddihy , Judith Ramey, The validity of the stimulated retrospective think-aloud method as measured by eye tracking, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in computing systems, April 22-27, 2006, Montréal, Québec, Canada
	Jacob O. Wobbrock , Brad A. Myers, Analyzing the input stream for character- level errors in unconstrained text entry evaluations, ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI), v.13 n.4, p.458-489, December 2006
	I. Scott MacKenzie , Javier Chen , Aleks Oniszczak, Unipad: single stroke text entry with language-based acceleration, Proceedings of the 4th Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction: changing roles, p.78-85, October 14-18, 2006, Oslo, Norway
	Jeremy Ey, Simulating regional medical record systems (student poster), Proceedings of the 45th annual southeast regional conference, March 23-24, 2007, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
	Shaun K. Kane , Jacob O. Wobbrock , Mark Harniss , Kurt L. Johnson, TrueKeys: identifying and correcting typing errors for people with motor impairments, Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces, January 13-16, 2008, Gran Canaria, Spain
	Mohammed Belatar , Franck Poirier, Text entry for mobile devices and users with severe motor impairments: handiglyph, a primitive shapes based onscreen keyboard, Proceedings of the 10th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility, October 13-15, 2008, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
	Hannah Slay , Greg Foster , Edison Mukadah, Investigating the viability of scroll-wheel interfaced mobile phones for text entry, Proceedings of the 2008 annual research conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists on IT research in developing countries: riding the wave of technology, p.220-228, October 06-08, 2008, Wilderness, South Africa
	Murray Crease , Jo Lumsden , Bob Longworth, A technique for incorporating dynamic paths in lab-based mobile evaluations, Proceedings of the 21st British CHI Group Annual Conference on HCI 2007: People and Computers XXI: HCI...but not as we know it, September 03-07, 2007, University of Lancaster, United Kingdom
	Akiyo Kano , Janet C. Read , Alan Dix , I. Scott MacKenzie, ExpECT: an expanded error categorisation method for text input, Proceedings of the 21st British CHI Group Annual Conference on HCI 2007: People and Computers XXI: HCI...but not as we know it, September 03-07, 2007, University of Lancaster, United Kingdom
	Liwei Dai , Andrew Sears , Rich Goldman, Shifting the focus from accuracy to recallability: A study of informal note-taking on mobile information technologies, ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI), v.16 n.1, p.1-46, April 2009