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 ABSTRACT
Recognizing that the knowledge of experts is qualitatively and not just quantitatively different from the knowledge of novices is an important pre-requisite to conducting effective knowledge acquisition. This article reviews the current cognitive research on expertise and proposes seven ways in which the knowledge of experts is different from the knowledge of novices, including such aspects as underlying schema, goal-orientation, practical focus, categorical chunking, cognitive complexity, automaticity of expert problem solving, and finally, the episodic nature of expert memory. The paper concludes with an outline of several implications that follow from this research including showing why knowledge acquisition will remain problematic without knowledge of experts' knowledge, as well as making a number of specific suggestions for those who need to elicit expert knowledge for knowledge-based systems.
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CITED BY 5
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Angeliki Poulymenakou , Tony Cornford , Edgar A. Whitely, Pragmatic considerations for effective knowledge acquisition: the case of business expert systems, Proceedings of the 1990 ACM SIGBDP conference on Trends and directions in expert systems, p.237-246, October 30-November 02, 1990, Orlando, Florida, United States
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