An energy efficient rate selection algorithm for voltage quantized dynamic voltage scaling

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a highly energy efficient alternative algorithm to the conventional workload averaging technique for voltage quantized dynamic voltage scaling. This algorithm incorporates the strengths of the conventional workload averaging technique and our previously proposed Rate Selection Algorithm, resulting in higher energy savings while minimizing the buffer size requirement and improving the overall system stability by minimizing the number of voltage transitions. Our experimental work using the Forward Mapped Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform computation (FMIDCT) as the variable workload computation, nine 300-frame MPEG-2 video sequences as the test data, and a 4-level voltage quantization shows that our algorithm produces better energy savings in all test cases when compared to the workload averaging technique, and the maximum energy saving for the test cases was 23%.

REFERENCES

• 1: Lama H. Chandrasena , Michael J. Liebelt, A rate selection algorithm for quantized undithered dynamic supply voltage scaling (poster session), Proceedings of the 2000 international symposium on Low power electronics and design, p.213-215, July 25-27, 2000, Rapallo, Italy [doi>10.1145/344166.344591]
• 2: Vadim Gutnik , Anantha P. Chandrakasan, Embedded power supply for low-power DSP, IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, v.5 n.4, p.425-435, Dec. 1997 [doi>10.1109/92.645069]
• 3: Tohru Ishihara , Hiroto Yasuura, Voltage scheduling problem for dynamically variable voltage processors, Proceedings of the 1998 international symposium on Low power electronics and design, p.197-202, August 10-12, 1998, Monterey, California, United States [doi>10.1145/280756.280894]
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• 5: http://www.bok.net/mpeg/MSSG/.
• 6: Lars S. Nielsen , Cees Niessen, Low-power operation using self-timed circuits and adaptive scaling of the supply voltage, IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, v.2 n.4, p.391-397, Dec. 1994 [doi>10.1109/92.335008]
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INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  C. Computer Systems Organization
  C.3 SPECIAL-PURPOSE AND APPLICATION-BASED SYSTEMS
      Subjects: Signal processing systems

Additional Classification:
  C. Computer Systems Organization
  C.3 SPECIAL-PURPOSE AND APPLICATION-BASED SYSTEMS
      Subjects: Real-time and embedded systems

  I. Computing Methodologies
  I.2 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
        I.2.10 Vision and Scene Understanding
            Subjects: Video analysis

General Terms:
Design, Experimentation, Performance