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Pilots of the future: human or computer?
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Communications of the ACM archive
Volume 28 ,  Issue 11  (November 1985) table of contents
Special issue: computing in the frontiers of science and engineering
Pages: 1187 - 1199  
Year of Publication: 1985
ISSN:0001-0782
Authors
Alan B. Chambers  NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA
David C. Nagel  NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA
Publisher
ACM  New York, NY, USA
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ABSTRACT

As more and more automation is incorporated in aircraft, the essential question becomes one of autonomy: Should the automated system serve as the human pilot's assistant, or vice versa?


REFERENCES

Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.

 
1
Air Force Systems and Command. The Pilot's Associate program, executive summary. Dept. of the Air Force, Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, Jan. 31, 1985.
 
2
Aviat. Week Space Technol. Concept envisions transatmospheric trans. port. Aoiat. Week Space Technol. 122, 24 (June 17, 1985), 91.
 
3
Buchanan, B.G., and Shortliffe, E.H. Human engineering of medical expert systems. In Rule-Based Experf Systems, B.G. Buchanan and E.H. Shortliffe. Eds. Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass., 1964.
 
4
Curry, R.E. The introduction of new cockpit technology: A human factors study. NASA TM 66659, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif.. 1985.
 
5
Fitts, P.M., and Jones, R.H. Analysis of factors contributing to 460 "pilot error" experiences in operating aircraft controls. In Selected Papers on Human Factors in the Design and Use of Control Systems, H.W. Sinaiko. Ed. Dover, New York, 1962.
 
6
Foushee, H.C. Dyads and triads at 35,000 feet: Factors affecting group process and aircrew performance. Am. Psychol. 39, 8 (Aug. 1984). 885-893.
 
7
Foushee, H.C., and Manes, K.L. Information transfer within the cockpit: Problems in intracockpit communications. In Information transfer problems in the aviation system, C.E. Billings and ES. Cheaney, Eds. NASA Rep. TP-1875. NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif., 1961.
 
8
Grayson, R.L., and Billings, C.E. Information transfer between air traffic control and aircraft Communication problems in flight operations. In Information transfer problems in the aviation system, C.E. Billings and ES. Cheaney, Eds. NASA Rep. TP-1875, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif., 1981.
 
9
Hammer, J.M., and Rouse, W.B. Design of an intelligent computeraided cockpit. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society. IEEE, New York, Oct. 1982, pp. 449-453.
 
10
Hollan, I.D.. Hutchins, E.L., and Weitzman, L. Steamer: An interactive inspectable simulation-based training system. Artif. Intell. Msg. 4.2 (Summer 1984), 15-27.
 
11
International Civil Aviation Organization. Accident prevention manual. 1st Ed. Dot 9422-AN/923, International Civil Aviation Organization, Montreal, 1964.
 
12
Johannsen. G., and Rouse, W.B. Problem solving behavior of pilots in abnormal and emergency situations. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Human Decisions and Manual Control (Del!?, The Netherlands, May). Delft Univ., The Netherlands, 1981.
 
13
Lauber, J.K., and Foushee, H.C. Guidelines for line-oriented flight training, Vol. 1. NASA Rep. CP-2184, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif., Aug. 1981.
 
14
National Transportation and Safety Board. Annual review of aircraft accident data. U.S. air carriers, calendar year 1960. NTSB/ARC-83/ 01, National Transportation and Safety Board, Washington, D.C., 1980.
15
 
16
Perrow, C. Normal Accidents. Basic Books, New York, 1964.
 
17
Tversky, A., and Kahneman, D. The framing of decisions and the psychology of choice. Science 21X,4481 (Jan. 30, 1981), 453-456.
 
18
Wiener, E.L. Cockpit automation: A field study of flightcrew transition. NASA CR-177333, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif., July 1965.
 
19
Wiener, E.L. Bevond the sterile cockpit. Hum. Factors 27.1 (Feb. 1985). 75-90. - w). Wiener, E.L., and Curry, R.E. Flight-deck automation: Promises and problems. Ergonomics 23, 10 (Oct. 1960), 995-1011.


Collaborative Colleagues:
Alan B. Chambers: colleagues
David C. Nagel: colleagues