|
 ABSTRACT
In this paper we present the features of a Question/Answering (Q/A) system that had unparalleled performance in the TREC-9 evaluations. We explain the accuracy of our system through the unique characteristics of its architecture: (1) usage of a wide-coverage answer type taxonomy; (2) repeated passage retrieval; (3) lexico-semantic feedback loops; (4) extraction of the answers based on machine learning techniques; and (5) answer caching. Experimental results show the effects of each feature on the overall performance of the Q/A system and lead to general conclusions about Q/A from large text collections.
REFERENCES
Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.
| |
1
|
|
| |
2
|
P. Cohen, R. Schrag, E. Jones, A. Pease, A. Lin, B. Starr, D. Easter, D. Gunning, and M. Burke. The DARPA High Performance Knowledge Bases Project. Artificial Intelligence Magazine, 19(4):25-49, 1998.
|
| |
3
|
|
| |
4
|
A. Graesser and S. Gordon. Question-Answering and the Organization of World Knowledge, chapter Question-Answering and the Organization of World Knowledge. Lawrence Erlbaum, 1991.
|
| |
5
|
S. Harabagiu and S. Maiorano. Finding answers in large collections of texts: Paragraph indexing + abductive inference. In AAAI Fall Symposium on Question Answering Systems, pages 63-71, November 1999.
|
| |
6
|
Sanda Harabagiu , Dan Moldovan , Marius Paşca , Rada Mihalcea , Mihai Surdeanu , Rǎzvan Bunescu , Roxana Gîrju , Vasile Rus , Paul Morǎrescu, The role of lexico-semantic feedback in open-domain textual question-answering, Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics, p.282-289, July 06-11, 2001, Toulouse, France
[doi> 10.3115/1073012.1073049]
|
| |
7
|
B. Katz. From sentence processing to information access on the world wide web. In AAAI Spring Symposium on Natural Language Processing for the World Wide Web, Stanford, California, 1997.
|
| |
8
|
W. Lehnert. The Process of Question Answering: a computer simulation of cognition. Lawrence Erlbaum, 1978.
|
 |
9
|
|
| |
10
|
D. Moldovan, S. Harabagiu, M. Pacsca, R. Mihalcea, R. Goodrum, R. Girju, and V. Rus. LASSO: a tool for surfing the answer net. In Proceedings of the 8th TExt Retrieval Conference (TREC-8), Gaithersburg, Maryland, 1999. NIST.
|
| |
11
|
J. Prager, D. Radev, E. Brown, A. Coden, and V. Samn. The use of predictive annotation for question answering in TREC8. In Proceedings of the 8th TExt Retrieval Conference (TREC-8), Gaithersburg, Maryland, 1999. NIST.
|
| |
12
|
G. Salton, editor. The SMART Retrieval System. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 1969.
|
| |
13
|
R. Srihari and W. Li. Question answering supported by information extraction. In Proceedings of the 8th TExt Retrieval Conference (TREC-8), Gaithersburg, Maryland, 1999. NIST.
|
| |
14
|
T. Winograd. Five lectures on artificial intelligence. Linguistic Structures Processing. In Fundamental Studies in Computer Science, 5:399-520, 1977.
|
| |
15
|
W. Woods and R. Kaplan. Lunar rocks in natural English: Explorations in natural language question answering. Linguistic Structures Processing. In Fundamental Studies in Computer Science, 5:521-569, 1977.
|
CITED BY 30
|
|
Susan Dumais , Michele Banko , Eric Brill , Jimmy Lin , Andrew Ng, Web question answering: is more always better?, Proceedings of the 25th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval, August 11-15, 2002, Tampere, Finland
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constantin Orǎsan , Doina Tatar , Gabriela Şerban , Dana Lupsa , Adrian Onet, How to build a QA system in your back-garden: application for Romanian, Proceedings of the tenth conference on European chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, April 12-17, 2003, Budapest, Hungary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wei Li , Rohini K. Srihari , Xiaoge Li , M. Srikanth , Xiuhong Zhang , Cheng Niu, Extracting exact answers to questions based on structural links, proceeding of the 2002 conference on multilingual summarization and question answering, p.1-9, August 31, 2002
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yun Niu , Graeme Hirst , Gregory McArthur , Patricia Rodriguez-Gianolli, Answering clinical questions with role identification, Proceedings of the ACL 2003 workshop on Natural language processing in biomedicine, p.73-80, July 11-11, 2003, Sapporo, Japan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bill MacCartney , Trond Grenager , Marie-Catherine de Marneffe , Daniel Cer , Christopher D. Manning, Learning to recognize features of valid textual entailments, Proceedings of the main conference on Human Language Technology Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association of Computational Linguistics, p.41-48, June 04-09, 2006, New York, New York
|
|
|
|
|
|
Johan Bos , Stephen Clark , Mark Steedman , James R. Curran , Julia Hockenmaier, Wide-coverage semantic representations from a CCG parser, Proceedings of the 20th international conference on Computational Linguistics, p.1240-es, August 23-27, 2004, Geneva, Switzerland
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jinwen Guo , Shengliang Xu , Shenghua Bao , Yong Yu, Tapping on the potential of q&a community by recommending answer providers, Proceeding of the 17th ACM conference on Information and knowledge management, October 26-30, 2008, Napa Valley, California, USA
|
|
Adobe Acrobat
QuickTime
Windows Media Player
Real Player
Pdf
H.3