A transmission control scheme for media access in sensor networks

ABSTRACT

We study the problem of media access control in the novel regime of sensor networks, where unique application behavior and tight constraints in computation power, storage, energy resources, and radio technology have shaped this design space to be very different from that found in traditional mobile computing regime. Media access control in sensor networks must not only be energy efficient but should also allow fair bandwidth allocation to the infrastructure for all nodes in a multihop network. We propose an adaptive rate control mechanism aiming to support these two goals and find that such a scheme is most effective in achieving our fairness goal while being energy efficient for both low and high duty cycle of network traffic.

REFERENCES

• 1: Bluetooth. http://www.bluetooth.com.
• 2: ANSI/IEEE Std 802.11 1999 Edition.
• 3: Atmel, Inc. At90s4434/ls4434/s8535/ls8535 Preliminary (Complete) Datasheet.
• 4: Vaduvur Bharghavan , Alan Demers , Scott Shenker , Lixia Zhang, MACAW: a media access protocol for wireless LAN's, Proceedings of the conference on Communications architectures, protocols and applications, p.212-225, August 31-September 02, 1994, London, United Kingdom
• 5: Sally Floyd , Kevin Fall, Promoting the use of end-to-end congestion control in the Internet, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON), v.7 n.4, p.458-472, Aug. 1999 [doi>10.1109/90.793002]
• 6: V. Jacobson. Congestion avoidance and control. In Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM Conference, 1998.
• 7: Jason Hill , Robert Szewczyk , Alec Woo , Seth Hollar , David Culler , Kristofer Pister, System architecture directions for networked sensors, Proceedings of the ninth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems, p.93-104, November 2000, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
• 8: L. Kleinrock and F. Tobagi. Packet switching in radio channels, part 1: Carrier sense multiple-access models and their trhoughput-delay characteristics. 23(5):1400-1416, 1975.
• 9: S. Lam. A carrier sense multiple access protocol for local networks. In Computer Networks, volume 4, pages 21-32, 1980.
• 10: K. S. J. Pister, J. M. Kahn, and B. E. Boser. Smart dust: Wireless networks of millimeter-scale sensor nodes. In 1999 UCB Electronics Research Laboratory Research Summary, 1999.
• 11: Theodore S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, 1996
• 12: Timothy J. Shepard, A channel access scheme for large dense packet radio networks, Conference proceedings on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications, p.219-230, August 28-30, 1996, Palo Alto, California, United States
• 13: Suresh Singh , C. S. Raghavendra, PAMAS—power aware multi-access protocol with signalling for ad hoc networks, ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, v.28 n.3, p.5-26, July 1998 [doi>10.1145/293927.293928]
• 14: Suresh Singh , Mike Woo , C. S. Raghavendra, Power-aware routing in mobile ad hoc networks, Proceedings of the 4th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networking, p.181-190, October 25-30, 1998, Dallas, Texas, United States [doi>10.1145/288235.288286]
• 15: A. S. Tanenbaum, Computer networks, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1988
• 16: Thyagarajan Nandagopal , Tae-Eun Kim , Xia Gao , Vaduvur Bharghavan, Achieving MAC layer fairness in wireless packet networks, Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking, p.87-98, August 06-11, 2000, Boston, Massachusetts, United States [doi>10.1145/345910.345925]
• 17: F. Tobagi and L. Kleinrock. Packet switching in radio channels, part ii: Hidden-terminal problem in carrier sense multiple access and the busy-tone solution. 23(5):1417-1433, 1975.

INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  C. Computer Systems Organization
  C.2 COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
      C.2.1 Network Architecture and Design
          Subjects: Network communications

Additional Classification:
  C. Computer Systems Organization
  C.1 PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURES
      C.1.3 Other Architecture Styles
          Subjects: Cellular architecture (e.g., mobile)
  C.2 COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
      C.2.1 Network Architecture and Design
          Subjects: Wireless communication

General Terms:
Design, Experimentation, Performance