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Random sample consensus: a paradigm for model fitting with applications to image analysis and automated cartography
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Communications of the ACM archive
Volume 24 ,  Issue 6  (June 1981) table of contents
Pages: 381 - 395  
Year of Publication: 1981
ISSN:0001-0782
Authors
Martin A. Fischler  SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
Robert C. Bolles  SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
Publisher
ACM  New York, NY, USA
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ABSTRACT

A new paradigm, Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC), for fitting a model to experimental data is introduced. RANSAC is capable of interpreting/smoothing data containing a significant percentage of gross errors, and is thus ideally suited for applications in automated image analysis where interpretation is based on the data provided by error-prone feature detectors. A major portion of this paper describes the application of RANSAC to the Location Determination Problem (LDP): Given an image depicting a set of landmarks with known locations, determine that point in space from which the image was obtained. In response to a RANSAC requirement, new results are derived on the minimum number of landmarks needed to obtain a solution, and algorithms are presented for computing these minimum-landmark solutions in closed form. These results provide the basis for an automatic system that can solve the LDP under difficult viewing


REFERENCES

Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.

 
1
Bolles, R.C., Quam, L.H., Fischler, M.A., and Wolf, H.C. The SRI road expert: Image to database correspondence. In Proc. Image Understanding Workshop, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Nov., 1978,
 
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Chrystal, G. Textbook of Algebra (Vol 1). Chelsea, New York, New York 1964, p. 415.
 
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Church, E. Revised geometry of the aerial photograph. Bull. Aerial Photogrammetry. 15, 1945, Syracuse University.
 
4
Conte, S.D. Elementary Numerical Analysis. McGraw Hill, New York, 1965.
 
5
Dehn, E. Algebraic Equations. Dover, New York, 1960.
 
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Duda, R.O., and Hart, P.E. Pattern Classification and Scene Analysis. Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1973.
 
7
Gennery, D.B. Least-squares stereo-camera calibration. Stanford Artificial Intelligence Project Internal Memo, Stanford, CA 1975.
 
8
Keller, M. and Tewinkel, G.C. Space resection in photogrammetry. ESSA Tech. Rept C&GS 32, 1966, U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey.
 
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10
Sorensen, H.W. Least-squares estimation: from Gauss to Kalman. IEEE Spectrum (July 1970), 63-68.
 
11
Wolf, P.R. Elements of Photogrammetry. McGraw Hill, New York, 1974.
 
12
Wylie, C.R. Jr. Introduction to Projective Geometry. McGraw- Hill, New York, 1970.

CITED BY  401

Collaborative Colleagues:
Martin A. Fischler: colleagues
Robert C. Bolles: colleagues