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Training wheels in a user interface
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Communications of the ACM archive
Volume 27 ,  Issue 8  (August 1984) table of contents
Pages: 800 - 806  
Year of Publication: 1984
ISSN:0001-0782
Authors
John M. Carroll  IBM Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY
Caroline Carrithers  Columbia Univ., New York, NY
Publisher
ACM  New York, NY, USA
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Downloads (6 Weeks): 17,   Downloads (12 Months): 107,   Citation Count: 45
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ABSTRACT

New users of high-function application systems can become frustrated and confused by the errors they make in the early stages of learning. A training interface for a commercial word processor was designed to make typical and troublesome error states “unreachable,” thus eliminating the sources of some new-user learning problems. Creating a training environment from the basic function of the system itself afforded substantially faster learning coupled with better learning achievement and better performance on a comprehension post-test. A control group spent almost a quarter of their time recovering from the error states that the training interface blocked off. We speculate on how this training strategy might be refined, and more generally, on how function should be organized in a user interface.


REFERENCES

Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.

 
1
Carroll. J.M. The adventure of getting to know a computer. Computer 15, 11 (Nov. 1982). 49-58.
 
2
Carroll. J.M. Presentation and form in user-interface architecture. BYTE 8, 12 (Dec. 1983). 113-122.
 
3
Carroll. J.M.. and Mack. R.L. Actively learning to use a word processor. In Cognitive Aspects of Skilled Typewriting, W.E. Cooper, ed. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1983.
 
4
 
5
Ferguson. G.A. Statistical Analysis in Psychology and Education. Mc- Graw-Hill, New York. 1971.
6

CITED BY  45


REVIEW

"John M. Hammer : Reviewer"

A word processing interface was modified to limit the functions available to novice users. These functions, which were unnecessary for basic word processing, had been previously observed to be error states that novices had difficulty recovering  more...

Collaborative Colleagues:
John M. Carroll: colleagues
Caroline Carrithers: colleagues