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Secure audit logs to support computer forensics
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Source ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC) archive
Volume 2 ,  Issue 2  (May 1999) table of contents
Pages: 159 - 176  
Year of Publication: 1999
ISSN:1094-9224
Authors
Bruce Schneier  Counterpane Systems, Minneapolis, MN
John Kelsey  Counterpane Systems, Minneapolis, MN
Publisher
ACM  New York, NY, USA
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Downloads (6 Weeks): 35,   Downloads (12 Months): 263,   Citation Count: 28
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ABSTRACT

In many real-world applications, sensitive information must be kept it log files on an untrusted machine. In the event that an attacker captures this machine, we would like to guarantee that he will gain little or no information from the log files and to limit his ability to corrupt the log files. We describe a computationally cheap method for making all log entries generated prior to the logging machine's compromise impossible for the attacker to read, and also impossible to modify or destroy undetectably.


REFERENCES

Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.

 
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ELGAMAL, T. 1985. A public-key cryptosystem and a signature scheme based on discrete logarithms. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theor. IT-31, 4, 469-472.
 
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KELSEY, J. AND SCHNEIER, B. 1996. Authenticating outputs of computer software using a cryptographic coprocessor. In Proceedings of the 1996 CARDIS (Sept.). 11-24.
 
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MCCORMAC, J. 1996. European Scrambling Systems. Waterford University Press.
 
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NBS, 1977. NBS FIPS PUB 46, Data Encryption Standard. U.S. Department of Commerce.
 
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NIST, 1993. NIST FIPS PUB 180, Secure Hash Standard. U.S. Department of Commerce.
 
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NIST, 1994. NIST FIPS PUB 186, Digital Signature Standard. U.S. Department of Commerce.
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SCHNEIER, B. AND KELSEY, J. 1998. Cryptographic support for secure logs on untrusted machines. In Proceedings of the 7th on USENIX Security Symposium (Jan.). USENIX Assoc., Berkeley, CA, 53-62.
 
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SCHNEIER, B. AND KELSEY, J. 1999. Tamperproof audit logs as a forensics tool for intrusion detection systems. Comput. Networks ISDN Syst. 31.
 
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WILDING, E. 1997. Computer forensics: Trends and concerns. Inf. Sec. Bull. 2, 6 (Dec.), 15-18.

CITED BY  28


REVIEW

"Jonathan K. Millen : Reviewer"

The scheme in this paper protects the integrity of an audit log against attempts by a dishonest user or intruder to read it or to delete or change it undetectably. The basic idea is to encrypt each entry with a different key chained to the pre  more...

Collaborative Colleagues:
Bruce Schneier: colleagues
John Kelsey: colleagues