|
ABSTRACT
We propose an approach to creating shared mixed realities based on the construction of transparent boundaries between real and virtual spaces. First, we introduce a taxonomy that classifies current approaches to shared spaces according to the three dimensions of transportation, artificiality, and spatiality. Second, we discuss our experience of staging a poetry performance simultaneously within real and virtual theaters. This demonstrates the complexities involved in establishing social interaction between real and virtual spaces and motivates the development of a systematic approach to mixing realities. Third, we introduce and demonstrate the technique of mixed-reality boundaries as a way of joining real and virtual spaces together in order to address some of these problems.
REFERENCES
Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.
| |
1
|
BENFORD, S., BOWERS, J., FAHLEN, L. E., MARIANI, J., AND RODDEN, T. 1994. Supporting co-operative work in virtual environments. Comput. J. 37, 8.
|
 |
2
|
Steve Benford , Chris Brown , Gail Reynard , Chris Greenhalgh, Shared spaces: transportation, artificiality, and spatiality, Proceedings of the 1996 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work, p.77-86, November 16-20, 1996, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
[doi> 10.1145/240080.240196]
|
 |
3
|
Steve Benford , Chris Greenhalgh , David Lloyd, Crowded collaborative virtual environments, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, p.59-66, March 22-27, 1997, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
[doi> 10.1145/258549.258588]
|
| |
4
|
BENFORD, S. D., GREENHALGH, C. M., SNOWDON, D. N., AND BULLOCK, A. N. 1997b. Staging a public poetry performance in a collaborative virtual environment. In Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (ECSCW '97, Lancaster, UK, Sept.). Kluwer B.V., Deventer, The Netherlands.
|
| |
5
|
Steve Benford , Dave Snowdon , Chris Brown , Gail Reynard , Rob Ingram, The populated web: Browsing, searching and inhabiting the WWW using collaborative virtual environments, Proceedings of the IFIP TC13 Interantional Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, p.539-546, July 14-18, 1997
|
 |
6
|
Steve Benford , Chris Greenhalgh , Chris Brown , Graham Walker , Tim Regan , Jason Morphett , John Wyver , Paul Rea, Experiments in inhabited TV, CHI 98 conference summary on Human factors in computing systems, p.289-290, April 18-23, 1998, Los Angeles, California, United States
[doi> 10.1145/286498.286768]
|
| |
7
|
BILLINGHURST, M., WEGHORST, S., AND FURNESS, T., III 1996. Shared Space: An augmented reality interface for computer supported collaborative work. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVE '96, Nottingham, UK, Sept.).
|
 |
8
|
|
 |
9
|
John Bowers , James Pycock , Jon O'Brien, Talk and embodiment in collaborative virtual environments, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems: common ground, p.58-65, April 13-18, 1996, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
[doi> 10.1145/238386.238404]
|
| |
10
|
|
 |
11
|
|
 |
12
|
|
 |
13
|
Lennart E. Fahlén , Charles Grant Brown , Olov Ståhl , Christer Carlsson, A space based model for user interaction in shared synthetic environments, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, p.43-48, April 24-29, 1993, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
[doi> 10.1145/169059.169068]
|
 |
14
|
Geraldine Fitzpatrick , Simon Kaplan , Tim Mansfield, Physical spaces, virtual places and social worlds: a study of work in the virtual, Proceedings of the 1996 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work, p.334-343, November 16-20, 1996, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
[doi> 10.1145/240080.240322]
|
| |
15
|
FLEISCHMANN, M. 1995. Imagination systems--Interface design for science, art and education. In Conference Proceedings of Imagina '95 (Imagina '95, Monte Carlo, Feb. 1-3). 257-261.
|
| |
16
|
|
 |
17
|
|
 |
18
|
William Gaver , Thomas Moran , Allan MacLean , Lennart Lövstrand , Paul Dourish , Kathleen Carter , William Buxton, Realizing a video environment: EuroPARC's RAVE system, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, p.27-35, May 03-07, 1992, Monterey, California, United States
[doi> 10.1145/142750.142754]
|
 |
19
|
William W. Gaver , Abigail Sellen , Christian Heath , Paul Luff, One is not enough: multiple views in a media space, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, p.335-341, April 24-29, 1993, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
[doi> 10.1145/169059.169268]
|
 |
20
|
|
 |
21
|
|
| |
22
|
HEATH, C. AND LUFF, P. 1991. Collaborative activity and technological design: Task coordination in London underground control rooms. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (ECSCW '91), L. Bannon, M. Robinson, and K. Schmidt, Eds.. Kluwer B.V., Deventer, The Netherlands.
|
 |
23
|
|
 |
24
|
John A. Hughes , David Randall , Dan Shapiro, Faltering from ethnography to design, Proceedings of the 1992 ACM conference on Computer-supported cooperative work, p.115-122, November 01-04, 1992, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
[doi> 10.1145/143457.143469]
|
| |
25
|
ICHIKAWA, Y., OKADA, K., JEONG, G., TANAKA, S., AND MATUSHITA, Y. 1995. MAJIC videoconferencing system: Experiments, evaluation and improvement. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (ECSCW '95, Stockholm, Sweden, Sept.). Kluwer B.V., Deventer, The Netherlands.
|
 |
26
|
Hiroshi Ishii , Brygg Ullmer, Tangible bits: towards seamless interfaces between people, bits and atoms, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, p.234-241, March 22-27, 1997, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
[doi> 10.1145/258549.258715]
|
 |
27
|
Hiroshi Ishii , Minoru Kobayashi , Jonathan Grudin, Integration of inter-personal space and shared workspace: ClearBoard design and experiments, Proceedings of the 1992 ACM conference on Computer-supported cooperative work, p.33-42, November 01-04, 1992, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
[doi> 10.1145/143457.143459]
|
| |
28
|
KENDON, A. 1990. Conducting Interaction: Patterns of Behaviour in Focused Encounters. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY.
|
| |
29
|
KUZUOKA, H., ISHIMODA, G., AND NISHIMURA, T. 1995. Can the GestureCam be a surrogate?. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (ECSCW '95, Stockholm, Sweden, Sept.). Kluwer B.V., Deventer, The Netherlands.
|
 |
30
|
Nobuyuki Matsushita , Jun Rekimoto, HoloWall: designing a finger, hand, body, and object sensitive wall, Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology, p.209-210, October 14-17, 1997, Banff, Alberta, Canada
[doi> 10.1145/263407.263549]
|
| |
31
|
MILGRAM, P. AND KISHINO, F. 1994. A taxonomy of mixed reality visual displays. IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst. E77-D, 12 (Dec.).
|
 |
32
|
Hideyuki Nakanishi , Chikara Yoshida , Toshikazu Nishimura , Toru Ishida, FreeWalk: supporting casual meetings in a network, Proceedings of the 1996 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work, p.308-314, November 16-20, 1996, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
[doi> 10.1145/240080.240314]
|
| |
33
|
|
| |
34
|
Gail Reynard , Steve Benford , Chris Greenhalgh , Christian Heath, Awareness driven video quality of service in collaborative virtual environments, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, p.464-471, April 18-23, 1998, Los Angeles, California, United States
[doi> 10.1145/274644.274707]
|
 |
35
|
|
 |
36
|
|
| |
37
|
SACKS, H., SCHEGLOFF, E., AND JEFFERSON, G. 1974. A simplest systematics for the organisation of turn-taking in conversation. Language 50, 696-735.
|
| |
38
|
|
| |
39
|
SCHMALSTIEG, D., FUHRMANN, A., SZALAVARI, Z., AND GERVAUTZ, M. 1996. Studierstube--An environment for collaboration in augmented reality. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVE '96, Nottingham, UK, Sept.).
|
 |
40
|
Abigail Sellen , Bill Buxton , John Arnott, Using spatial cues to improve videoconferencing, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, p.651-652, May 03-07, 1992, Monterey, California, United States
[doi> 10.1145/142750.143070]
|
| |
41
|
|
 |
42
|
|
| |
43
|
SLATER, M., USOH, M., AND STEED, A. 1994. Depth of presence in virtual environments. Presence: Teleoper. Virtual Environ. 3, 2 (Spring), 130-144.
|
 |
44
|
|
| |
45
|
STONE, R. J. 1991. Advanced human-system interfaces for telerobotics using virtual reality and telepresence technologies. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advanced Robotics in Unstructured Environments (ICAR'91).
|
| |
46
|
SUZUKI, G. 1995. Interspace: Toward networked virtual reality of cyberspace. In Conference Proceedings of lmagina '95 (Imagina '95, Monte-Carlo, Feb. 1-3).
|
| |
47
|
|
 |
48
|
|
| |
49
|
ZYDA, M. J., PRATT, D. R., FALBY, J. S., LOMBARDO, C., AND K~LLEHER, K. M. 1993. The software required for computer generation of virtual environments. Presence: Teleoper. Virtual Environ. 2, 2 (Spring), 130-140.
|
CITED BY 34
|
|
Boriana Koleva , Holger Schnädelbach , Steve Benford , Chris Greenhalgh, Traversable interfaces between real and virtual worlds, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, p.233-240, April 01-06, 2000, The Hague, The Netherlands
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alan Dix , Tom Rodden , Nigel Davies , Jonathan Trevor , Adrian Friday , Kevin Palfreyman, Exploiting space and location as a design framework for interactive mobile systems, ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI), v.7 n.3, p.285-321, Sept. 2000
|
|
|
Boriana Koleva , Holger Schnädelbach , Steve Benford , Chris Greenhalgh, Experiencing a presentation through a mixed reality boundary, Proceedings of the 2001 International ACM SIGGROUP Conference on Supporting Group Work, September 30-October 03, 2001, Boulder, Colorado, USA
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mike Craven , Ian Taylor , Adam Drozd , Jim Purbrick , Chris Greenhalgh , Steve Benford , Mike Fraser , John Bowers , Kai-Mikael Jää-Aro , Bernd Lintermann , Michael Hoch, Exploiting interactivity, influence, space and time to explore non-linear drama in virtual worlds, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, p.30-37, March 2001, Seattle, Washington, United States
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Samuli Pekkola , Mike Robinson , Markku-Juhani O. Saarinen , Jonni Korhonen , Saku Hujala , Tero Toivonen, Collaborative virtual environments in the year of the dragon, Proceedings of the third international conference on Collaborative virtual environments, p.11-18, September 2000, San Francisco, California, United States
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fabrizio Davide , Pierpaolo Loreti , Massimiliano Lunghi , Giuseppe Riva , Francesco Vatalaro, Communications through virtual technologies, Advanced lectures on networking, Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., New York, NY, 2002
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. C. Nicholas Graham , Leon A. Watts , Gaëlle Calvary , Joëlle Coutaz , Emmanuel Dubois , Laurence Nigay, A dimension space for the design of interactive systems within their physical environments, Proceedings of the conference on Designing interactive systems: processes, practices, methods, and techniques, p.406-416, August 17-19, 2000, New York City, New York, United States
|
|
|
Danae Stanton , Victor Bayon , Helen Neale , Ahmed Ghali , Steve Benford , Sue Cobb , Rob Ingram , Claire O'Malley , John Wilson , Tony Pridmore, Classroom collaboration in the design of tangible interfaces for storytelling, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, p.482-489, March 2001, Seattle, Washington, United States
|
|
|
Kynan Eng , Matti Mintz , Tobi Delbrück , Rodney J. Douglas , Adrian M. Whatley , Jônatas Manzolli , Paul F. M. J. Verschure, An Investigation of Collective Human Behavior in Large-Scale Mixed Reality Spaces, Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, v.15 n.4, p.403-418, August 2006
|
|
|
|
|
|
Holger Schnädelbach , Alan Penn , Phil Steadman , Steve Benford , Boriana Koleva , Tom Rodden, Moving office: inhabiting a dynamic building, Proceedings of the 2006 20th anniversary conference on Computer supported cooperative work, November 04-08, 2006, Banff, Alberta, Canada
|
|
|
Jeffrey Bardzell , Shaowen Bardzell , Craig Birchler , Will Ryan, Double dribble: illusionism, mixed reality, and the sports fan experience, Proceedings of the international conference on Advances in computer entertainment technology, June 13-15, 2007, Salzburg, Austria
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ina Wagner , Wolfgang Broll , Giulio Jacucci , Kari Kuutii , Rod McCall , Ann Morrison , Dieter Schmalstieg , Jean-Jacques Terrin, On the role of presence in mixed reality, Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, v.18 n.4, p.249-276, August 2009
|
|
|
Sergi Bermúdez i Badia , Aleksander Valjamae , Fabio Manzi , Ulysses Bernardet , Anna Mura , Jônatas Manzolli , Paul F. M. J Verschure, The effects of explicit and implicit interaction on user experiences in a mixed reality installation: The synthetic oracle, Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, v.18 n.4, p.277-285, August 2009
|
INDEX TERMS
Primary Classification:
H.
Information Systems
H.5
INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (I.7)
H.5.3
Group and Organization Interfaces
Subjects:
Theory and models
Additional Classification:
H.
Information Systems
H.4
INFORMATION SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS
H.4.3
Communications Applications
Subjects:
Computer conferencing, teleconferencing, and videoconferencing
H.5
INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (I.7)
H.5.1
Multimedia Information Systems
Subjects:
Artificial, augmented, and virtual realities
General Terms:
Human Factors,
Theory
Keywords:
CSCW,
augmented reality,
collaborative virtual environments,
media-spaces,
mixed reality,
shared spaces,
telepresence,
video,
virtual reality
|