|
 ABSTRACT
Language-supported synchronization is a source of serious performance problems in many Java programs. Even single-threaded applications may spend up to half their time performing useless synchronization due to the thread-safe nature of the Java libraries. We solve this performance problem with a new algorithm that allows lock and unlock operations to be performed with only a few machine instructions in the most common cases. Our locks only require a partial word per object, and were implemented without increasing object size. We present measurements from our implementation in the JDK 1.1.2 for AIX, demonstrating speedups of up to a factor of 5 in micro-benchmarks and up to a factor of 1.7 in real programs.
REFERENCES
Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.
| |
1
|
|
 |
2
|
|
| |
3
|
|
| |
4
|
|
| |
5
|
|
| |
6
|
IBM CORPORATION. IBM 370 Principles of Operation.
|
| |
7
|
KRALL, A., AND PROSST, M. Monitors and exceptions: How to implement Java efficiently. In A CM Workshop on Java for High-Performance Network Computing (1998).
|
| |
8
|
Clyde P Kruskal , Larry Rudolph , Marc Snir, Efficient synchronization of multiprocessors with shared memory, Proceedings of the fifth annual ACM symposium on Principles of distributed computing, p.218-228, August 11-13, 1986, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
[doi> 10.1145/10590.10609]
|
| |
9
|
|
| |
10
|
|
| |
11
|
|
| |
12
|
|
| |
13
|
|
| |
14
|
|
CITED BY 59
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michael Hicks , Suresh Jagannathan , Richard Kelsey , Jonathan T. Moore , Cristian Ungureanu, Transparent communication for distributed objects in Java, Proceedings of the ACM 1999 conference on Java Grande, p.160-170, June 12-14, 1999, San Francisco, California, United States
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kazuaki Ishizaki , Mikio Takeuchi , Kiyokuni Kawachiya , Toshio Suganuma , Osamu Gohda , Tatsushi Inagaki , Akira Koseki , Kazunori Ogata , Motohiro Kawahito , Toshiaki Yasue , Takeshi Ogasawara , Tamiya Onodera , Hideaki Komatsu , Toshio Nakatani, Effectiveness of cross-platform optimizations for a java just-in-time compiler, ACM SIGPLAN Notices, v.38 n.11, November 2003
|
|
|
Ramesh Radhakrishnan , N. Vijaykrishnan , Lizy Kurian John , Anand Sivasubramaniam , Juan Rubio , Jyotsna Sabarinathan, Java Runtime Systems: Characterization and Architectural Implications, IEEE Transactions on Computers, v.50 n.2, p.131-146, February 2001
|
|
|
Bowen Alpern , C. R. Attanasio , Anthony Cocchi , Derek Lieber , Stephen Smith , Ton Ngo , John J. Barton , Susan Flynn Hummel , Janice C. Sheperd , Mark Mergen, Implementing jalapeño in Java, ACM SIGPLAN Notices, v.34 n.10, p.314-324, Oct. 1999
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ole Agesen , David Detlefs , Alex Garthwaite , Ross Knippel , Y. S. Ramakrishna , Derek White, An efficient meta-lock for implementing ubiquitous synchronization, ACM SIGPLAN Notices, v.34 n.10, p.207-222, Oct. 1999
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Mikheev , N. Lipsky , D. Gurchenkov , P. Pavlov , V. Sukharev , A. Markov , S. Kuksenko , S. Fedoseev , D. Leskov , A. Yeryomin, Overview of excelsior JET, a high performance alternative to java virtual machines, Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Software and performance, July 24-26, 2002, Rome, Italy
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Christ , S. L. Halter , K. Lynne , S. Meizer , S. J. Munroe , M. Pasch, SanFrancisco performance: a case study in performance of large-scale Java applications, IBM Systems Journal, v.39 n.1, p.4-20, January 2000
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Suganuma , T. Ogasawara , M. Takeuchi , T. Yasue , M. Kawahito , K. Ishizaki , H. Komatsu , T. Nakatani, Overview of the IBM Java just-in-time compiler, IBM Systems Journal, v.39 n.1, p.175-193, January 2000
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Alpern , C. R. Attanasio , J. J. Barton , M. G. Burke , P. Cheng , J.-D. Choi , A. Cocchi , S. J. Fink , D. Grove , M. Hind , S. F. Hummel , D. Lieber , V. Litvinov , M. F. Mergen , T. Ngo , J. R. Russell , V. Sarkar , M. J. Serrano , J. C. Shepherd , S. E. Smith , V. C. Sreedhar , H. Srinivasan , J. Whaley, The Jalapeño virtual machine, IBM Systems Journal, v.39 n.1, p.211-238, January 2000
|
|
|
Yoav Ossia , Ori Ben-Yitzhak , Irit Goft , Elliot K. Kolodner , Victor Leikehman , Avi Owshanko, A parallel, incremental and concurrent GC for servers, ACM SIGPLAN Notices, v.37 n.5, May 2002
|
|
|
|
|
|
Katherine Barabash , Ori Ben-Yitzhak , Irit Goft , Elliot K. Kolodner , Victor Leikehman , Yoav Ossia , Avi Owshanko , Erez Petrank, A parallel, incremental, mostly concurrent garbage collector for servers, ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS), v.27 n.6, p.1097-1146, November 2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Austin Armbruster , Jason Baker , Antonio Cunei , Chapman Flack , David Holmes , Filip Pizlo , Edward Pla , Marek Prochazka , Jan Vitek, A real-time Java virtual machine with applications in avionics, ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS), v.7 n.1, p.1-49, December 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Thomas Kotzmann , Christian Wimmer , Hanspeter Mössenböck , Thomas Rodriguez , Kenneth Russell , David Cox, Design of the Java HotSpot™ client compiler for Java 6, ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization (TACO), v.5 n.1, p.1-32, May 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adobe Acrobat
QuickTime
Windows Media Player
Real Player
Pdf
D.3