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ABSTRACT
Multi-threshold CMOS is a popular circuit style that will provide high performance and low power operation. Optimally sizing the gating sleep transistor to provide adequate performance is difficult because the overall delay characteristics are strongly dependent on the discharge patterns of internal gates. This paper proposes a methodology for sizing the sleep transistor for a large module based on mutual exclusive discharge patterns of internal blocks. This algorithm can be applied at all levels of a circuit hierarchy, where the internal blocks can represent transistors, cells within an array, or entire modules. This methodology will give an upper bound for the sleep transistor size required to meet any performance constraint.
REFERENCES
Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.
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CITED BY 46
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Benton H. Calhoun , Denis C. Daly , Naveen Verma , Daniel F. Finchelstein , David D. Wentzloff , Alice Wang , Seong-Hwan Cho , Anantha P. Chandrakasan, Design Considerations for Ultra-Low Energy Wireless Microsensor Nodes, IEEE Transactions on Computers, v.54 n.6, p.727-740, June 2005
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Hyo-Sig Won , Kyo-Sun Kim , Kwang-Ok Jeong , Ki-Tae Park , Kyu-Myung Choi , Jeong-Taek Kong, An MTCMOS design methodology and its application to mobile computing, Proceedings of the 2003 international symposium on Low power electronics and design, August 25-27, 2003, Seoul, Korea
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Puneet Gupta , Andrew B. Kahng , Puneet Sharma , Dennis Sylvester, Selective gate-length biasing for cost-effective runtime leakage control, Proceedings of the 41st annual conference on Design automation, June 07-11, 2004, San Diego, CA, USA
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Pietro Babighian , Luca Benini , Alberto Macii , Enrico Macii, Post-layout leakage power minimization based on distributed sleep transistor insertion, Proceedings of the 2004 international symposium on Low power electronics and design, August 09-11, 2004, Newport Beach, California, USA
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Suhwan Kim , Stephen V. Kosonocky , Daniel R. Knebel , Kevin Stawiasz, Experimental measurement of a novel power gating structure with intermediate power saving mode, Proceedings of the 2004 international symposium on Low power electronics and design, August 09-11, 2004, Newport Beach, California, USA
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Mohab Anis , Mohamed Mahmoud , Mohamed Elmasry , Shawki Areibi, Dynamic and leakage power reduction in MTCMOS circuits using an automated efficient gate clustering technique, Proceedings of the 39th conference on Design automation, June 10-14, 2002, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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A. Gayasen , Y. Tsai , N. Vijaykrishnan , M. Kandemir , M. J. Irwin , T. Tuan, Reducing leakage energy in FPGAs using region-constrained placement, Proceedings of the 2004 ACM/SIGDA 12th international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays, February 22-24, 2004, Monterey, California, USA
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Pietro Babighian , Luca Benini , Alberto Macii , Enrico Macii, Low-overhead state-retaining elements for low-leakage MTCMOS design, Proceedings of the 15th ACM Great Lakes symposium on VLSI, April 17-19, 2005, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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De-Shiuan Chiou , Shih-Hsin Chen , Shih-Chieh Chang , Chingwei Yeh, Timing driven power gating, Proceedings of the 43rd annual conference on Design automation, July 24-28, 2006, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Yu Wang , Yongpan Liu , Rong Luo , Huazhong Yang , Hui Wang, Two-phase fine-grain sleep transistor insertion technique in leakage critical circuits, Proceedings of the 2006 international symposium on Low power electronics and design, October 04-06, 2006, Tegernsee, Bavaria, Germany
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Pietro Babighian , Luca Benini , Alberto Macii , Enrico Macii, Enabling fine-grain leakage management by voltage anchor insertion, Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe: Proceedings, March 06-10, 2006, Munich, Germany
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Andrea Calimera , Antonio Pullini , Ashoka Visweswara Sathanur , Luca Benini , Alberto Macii , Enrico Macii , Massimo Poncino, Design of a family of sleep transistor cells for a clustered power-gating flow in 65nm technology, Proceedings of the 17th great lakes symposium on Great lakes symposium on VLSI, March 11-13, 2007, Stresa-Lago Maggiore, Italy
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A. Sathanur , A. Calimera , L. Benini , A. Macii , E. Macii , M. Poncino, Interactive presentation: Efficient computation of discharge current upper bounds for clustered sleep transistor sizing, Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe, April 16-20, 2007, Nice, France
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A. Sathanur , A. Pullini , L. Benini , A. Macii , E. Macii , M. Poncino, A scalable algorithmic framework for row-based power-gating, Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe, March 10-14, 2008, Munich, Germany
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Ashoka Sathanur , Antonio Pullini , Luca Benini , Alberto Macii , Enrico Macii , Massimo Poncino, Optimal sleep transistor synthesis under timing and area constraints, Proceedings of the 18th ACM Great Lakes symposium on VLSI, May 04-06, 2008, Orlando, Florida, USA
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Houman Homayoun , Mohammad Makhzan , Alex Veidenbaum, Multiple sleep mode leakage control for cache peripheral circuits in embedded processors, Proceedings of the 2008 international conference on Compilers, architectures and synthesis for embedded systems, October 19-24, 2008, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Ashoka Sathanur , Luca Benini , Alberto Macii , Enrico Macii , Massimo Poncino, Multiple power-gating domain (multi-VGND) architecture for improved leakage power reduction, Proceeding of the thirteenth international symposium on Low power electronics and design, August 11-13, 2008, Bangalore, India
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Qiang Zhou , Xin Zhao , Yici Cai , Xianlong Hong, An MTCMOS technology for low-power physical design, Integration, the VLSI Journal, v.42 n.3, p.340-345, June, 2009
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INDEX TERMS
Primary Classification:
B.
Hardware
B.7
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
B.7.1
Types and Design Styles
Subjects:
Memory technologies
Additional Classification:
B.
Hardware
B.8
Performance and Reliability
C.
Computer Systems Organization
G.
Mathematics of Computing
G.4
MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE
Subjects:
Algorithm design and analysis
General Terms:
Algorithms,
Design,
Measurement,
Performance,
Theory
Keywords:
MPEG4,
codec,
design automatian,
flip-flops,
level converters,
low power,
placement,
synthesis,
voltage scaling
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