Log-based receiver-reliable multicast for distributed interactive simulation

ABSTRACT

Reliable multicast communication is important in large-scale distributed applications. For example, reliable multicast is used to transmit terrain and environmental updates in distributed simulations. To date, proposed protocols have not supported these applications' requirements, which include wide-area data distribution, low-latency packet loss detection and recovery, and minimal data and management over-head within fine-grained multicast groups, each containing a single data source.In this paper, we introduce the notion of Log-Based Receiver-reliable Multicast (LBRM) communication, and we describe and evaluate a collection of log-based receiver reliable multicast optimizations that provide an efficient, scalable protocol for high-performance simulation applications. We argue that these techniques provide value to a broader range of applications and that the receiver-reliable model is an appropriate one for communication in general.

REFERENCES

• 1: Armstrong, Susan M., Alan O. Freier, and Keith A. Marzullo. "Multicast Transport Protocol." In Internet Requests/or Comments (RFC 1301), February 1992.
• 2: ARPA. "STOW 97 Program Plan.", May 1994.
• 3: Kevin W. Arthur , Kellogg S. Booth , Colin Ware, Evaluating 3D task performance for fish tank virtual worlds, ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS), v.11 n.3, p.239-265, July 1993 [doi>10.1145/159161.155359]
• 4: Jean-Chrysostome Bolot , Thierry Turletti , Ian Wakeman, Scalable feedback control for multicast video distribution in the Internet, Proceedings of the conference on Communications architectures, protocols and applications, p.58-67, August 31-September 02, 1994, London, United Kingdom
• 5: Jo-Mei Chang , N. F. Maxemchuk, Reliable broadcast protocols, ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS), v.2 n.3, p.251-273, Aug. 1984 [doi>10.1145/989.357400]
• 6: David R. Cheriton , Dale Skeen, Understanding the limitations of causally and totally ordered communication, Proceedings of the fourteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles, p.44-57, December 05-08, 1993, Asheville, North Carolina, United States
• 7: David R. Cheriton , Willy Zwaenepoel, Distributed process groups in the V Kernel, ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS), v.3 n.2, p.77-107, May 1985 [doi>10.1145/214438.214439]
• 8: Sally Floyd , Van Jacobson , Steve McCanne , Ching-Gung Liu , Lixia Zhang, A reliable multicast framework for light-weight sessions and application level framing, Proceedings of the conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication, p.342-356, August 28-September 01, 1995, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
• 9: C. Gray , D. Cheriton, Leases: an efficient fault-tolerant mechanism for distributed file cache consistency, Proceedings of the twelfth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles, p.202-210, November 1989
• 10: Harty, Kieran. Personal communication, December 1994. Dr. Harry is Manager of Advanced Technology at Teknekron Software Systems in Palo Alto, CA.
• 11: Institute for Simulation and Training. "Standard for Distributed Interactive Simulation--Application Protocols (Version 2.0.4 Draft IEEE Standard)." Technical Report IST-CR-94-50, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, March 1994.
• 12: V. Jacobson, Congestion avoidance and control, Symposium proceedings on Communications architectures and protocols, p.314-329, August 16-18, 1988, Stanford, California, United States
• 13: Jacobson, Van. Multzmedia Conferencing on the Internet. SIGCOMM 1994 Tutorial Notes. August 1994.
• 14: T. A. Joseph , K. P. Birman, Reliable broadcast protocols, Distributed systems, ACM Press, New York, NY, 1990 [doi>10.1145/90417.90750]
• 15: J. H. Saltzer , D. P. Reed , D. D. Clark, End-to-end arguments in system design, ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS), v.2 n.4, p.277-288, Nov. 1984 [doi>10.1145/357401.357402]
• 16: Schulzrinne, H., S. Casner, R. Frederick, and V. Jacoboson. "RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications." November 1994. Internet draft, Work in Progress.
• 17: Singhal, Sandeep K. and David R. Cheriton. "Exploiting Position History for Efficient Remote Rendering in Networked Virtual Reality." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 4(2):169-193, Spring 1995.
• 18: Sun Microsystems. "The Hot JavaTM Browser: A White Paper." 1995. Available from http://java.sun, corn/.
• 19: Thorpe, Jack A. "The New Technology of Large Scale Simulator Networking: Implications for Mastering the Art of Warfighting." In Proceedings o/the 9th Interservice/Industry Training System Con/erence, pages 157- 160, Washington, DC, November-December 1987.
• 20: Whitlock, Adam H. "Draft Estimate of Bandwidth Demand for STOW-97." May 1995. Distributed by the Naval Research and Development Center (NRaD).

INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  C. Computer Systems Organization
  C.2 COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
      C.2.4 Distributed Systems
          Subjects: Distributed applications

Additional Classification:
  C. Computer Systems Organization
  C.2 COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
      C.2.1 Network Architecture and Design
          Subjects: Network communications

General Terms:
Algorithms, Design, Performance, Reliability