Data modeling of time-based media

ABSTRACT

Many aspects of time-based media—complex data encoding, compression, “quality factors,” timing—appear problematic from a data modeling standpoint. This paper proposes timed streams as the basic abstraction for modeling time-based media. Several media-independent structuring mechanisms are introduced and a data model is presented which, rather than leaving the interpretation of multimedia data to applications, addresses the complex organization and relationships present in multimedia.

REFERENCES

• 1: David P. Anderson , George Homsy, A Continuous Media I/O Server and Its Synchronization Mechanism, Computer, v.24 n.10, p.51-57, October 1991 [doi>10.1109/2.97251]
• 2: Elisa Bertino , Fausto Rabbiti , Simon Gibbs, Query processing in a multimedia document system, ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS), v.6 n.1, p.1-41, Jan. 1988 [doi>10.1145/42279.42281]
• 3: Michael J. Carey , David J. DeWitt , Joel F. Richardson , Eugene J. Shekita, Storage management for objects in EXODUS, Object-oriented concepts, databases, and applications, ACM Press, New York, NY, 1989 [doi>10.1145/63320.66509]
• 4: S. Christodoulakis , M. Theodoridou , F. Ho , M. Papa , A. Pathria, Multimedia document presentation, information extraction, and document formation in MINOS: a model and a system, ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS), v.4 n.4, p.345-383, Oct. 1986 [doi>10.1145/9760.9764]
• 5: Simon J. Gibbs , Christian Breiteneder , Dennis Tsichritzis, Audio/Video Databases: An Object-Oriented Approach, Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Data Engineering, p.381-390, April 19-23, 1993
• 6: Eric Hoffert , Mark Krueger , Lee Mighdoll , Michael Mills , Jonathan Cohen , Doug Camplejohn , Bruce Leak , Jim Batson , David Van Brink , Dean Blackketter , Michael Arent , Rich Williams , Chris Thorman , Mitch Yawitz , Ken Doyle , Sean Callahan, QuickTime: an extensible standard for digital multimedia, Proceedings of the thirty-seventh international conference on COMPCON, p.15-20, January 1992, San Francisco, California, United States
• 7: T. J. Lehman , B. G. Lindsay, The Starburst long field manager, Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Very large data bases, p.375-383, July 1989, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
• 8: Wolfgang Klas , Erich J. Neuhold , Michael Schrefl, Using an object-oriented approach to model multimedia data, Computer Communications, v.13 n.4, p.204-216, May 1990 [doi>10.1016/0140-3664(90)90119-2]
• 9: Didier Le Gall, MPEG: a video compression standard for multimedia applications, Communications of the ACM, v.34 n.4, p.46-58, April 1991 [doi>10.1145/103085.103090]
• 10: Andrew Lippman, Feature sets for interactive images, Communications of the ACM, v.34 n.4, p.92-102, April 1991 [doi>10.1145/103085.103094]
• 11: Thomas D. C. Little , Arif Ghafoor, Spatio-Temporal Composition of Distributed Multimedia Objects for Value-Added Networks, Computer, v.24 n.10, p.42-50, October 1991 [doi>10.1109/2.97250]
• 12: MacroMind inc. Director Studio Manual, Version 3.0, 1991.
• 13: Masunaga, Y. Multimedia Databases: A Formal Framework, Proc. IEEE CS Office Automation Symposium (Gaithersburg, MD, April 1987), IEEE CS Press, Washington, pp. 36-45.
• 14: CORPORATE Microsoft Corp., Microsoft Windows multimedia programmer's workbook, Microsoft Press, Redmond, WA, 1991
• 15: Preston, J.M. (Ed.) Compact-Disc Interactive: A Designer's Overview, Kluwer, Deventer NL, 1987.
• 16: T. K. Rengarajan, Rdb/VMS support for multi-media databases, Proceedings of the 1992 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data, p.287-287, June 02-05, 1992, San Diego, California, United States
• 17: G. David Ripley, DVI—a digital multimedia technology, Communications of the ACM, v.32 n.7, p.811-822, July 1989 [doi>10.1145/65445.65448]
• 18: Lawrence A. Rowe , Brian C. Smith, A Continuous Media Player, Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video, p.376-386, November 12-13, 1992
• 19: Arie Segev , Arie Shoshani, Logical modeling of temporal data, Proceedings of the 1987 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data, p.454-466, May 27-29, 1987, San Francisco, California, United States
• 20: Gregory K. Wallace, The JPEG still picture compression standard, Communications of the ACM, v.34 n.4, p.30-44, April 1991 [doi>10.1145/103085.103089]
• 21: Darrell Woelk , Won Kim , Willis Luther, An object-oriented approach to multimedia databases, Proceedings of the 1986 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data, p.311-325, May 28-30, 1986, Washington, D.C., United States
• 22: Darrell Woelk , Won Kim, Multimedia Information Management in an Object-Oriented Database System, Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, p.319-329, September 01-04, 1987

INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  H. Information Systems
  H.2 DATABASE MANAGEMENT
      H.2.1 Logical Design
          Subjects: Data models

Additional Classification:
  H. Information Systems
  H.2 DATABASE MANAGEMENT
      H.2.4 Systems
  H.5 INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (I.7)
      H.5.1 Multimedia Information Systems
          Subjects: Video (e.g., tape, disk, DVI); Audio input/output

General Terms:
Algorithms, Design, Performance