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ABSTRACT

"Cooperative Localization" of rescue entities (persons and means) is essential in emergency situations.

The identification of the Direction of Arrival (DoA) of the different users can simplify the knowledge of the position of users improving advanced cooperative localization methods and the global network management. DoA techniques can be applied by using antenna array systems. In literatures many efforts are focused on the optimization problem for antenna array with elements uniformly spaced at integer multiples of a suitably chosen basic spacing. Antenna array with non uniformly spaced elements (sparse array) are interesting but the unequally spaced positions of elements lead to a nonlinear optimization problem. In the paper, an integration of evolutionary techniques, such as genetic algorithms (GAs) with the use of antenna array systems is analyzed to optimally identify the DoA signals in different antenna configurations. Results are also provided for the case of sparse array with elements randomly placed in a specific region of space.

REFERENCES

• 1: Godara, L. C., "Application of Antenna Arrays to Mobile Communications, Part II: Beam-Forming and Direction-of-Arrival Considerations", Proceedings of the IEEE, V01. 85, No. 85, No 8.
• 2: R. T. Compton, Jr, Adaptive Antenna Concepts and Performance. PrenticeHall, 1988.
• 3: R. L. Haupt, "Phase-Only Adaptive Nulling with a Genetic algorithm," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 45, No. 6, pp. 1009--1015, June 1997.
• 4: R. L. Haupt, "An introduction to genetic algorithms for electromagnetics," IEEE Antenna and propagation Magazine," vol. 37, No. 2, pp. 7--15
• 5: Kesong Chen, Xiaohua Yun, Zishu He, and Chunlin Han "Synthesis of Sparse Planar Arrays Using Modified Real Genetic Algorithm" IEEE Transaction on Antennas and Propagation VOL. 55, NO. 4, APRIL 2007 1067
• 6: P. Karamalis, A. Marousis, A. Kanatas, P. Constantinou "Direction of Arrival Estimation Using Genetic Algorithms" 0-7803-6728-6/01/$10 00 02001 IEEE
• 7: Mohamad Y. Alias, Sheng Chen, and Lajos Hanzo "Multiple-Antenna-Aided OFDM Employing Genetic-Algorithm-Assisted Minimum Bit Error Rate Multiuser Detection" IEEE Transaction on Vehicular Technology, VOL. 54, NO. 5, SEPTEMBER 2005 1713

INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  C. Computer Systems Organization
  C.2 COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
      C.2.1 Network Architecture and Design
          Subjects: Wireless communication

General Terms:
Design

Keywords:
antenna array, direction of arrival (DoA), genetic algorithms, multiple antenna systems (MIMO)