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ABSTRACT

This paper describes four candidate X3D extension nodes: Camera, Shot, Movement and OfflineRendering. An X3D lexicon for camera movements is defined so that individuals directing virtual cameras in X3D can directly apply terms that film directors and cinematographers understand. This approach greatly simplifies the technical tasks involved in creating precise camera animations and setting up still images for digital photography. Further, candidate methods are examined for implementing Depth of Field for focus control. Moving beyond the typical clumsiness of Viewpoint control can enable authors to create compelling still and moving images from X3D scenes.

REFERENCES

• 1: Marcelo Bertalmio , Pere Fort , Daniel Sanchez-Crespo, Real-Time, Accurate Depth of Field using Anisotropic Diffusion and Programmable Graphics Cards, Proceedings of the 3D Data Processing, Visualization, and Transmission, 2nd International Symposium, p.767-773, September 06-09, 2004 [doi>10.1109/3DPVT.2004.101]
• 2: Don Brutzman , Leonard Daly, X3D: Extensible 3D Graphics for Web Authors (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Interactive 3D Technology) (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Interactive 3D Technology), Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco, CA, 2007
• 3: Robert L. Cook , Thomas Porter , Loren Carpenter, Distributed ray tracing, Proceedings of the 11th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, p.137-145, January 1984
• 4: The Cutting Edge: The Magic of Movie Editing. Wendy Apple. Wendy Apple. Kathy Bates, Jody Foster, Quentin Tarrantino, Walter Murch, James Cameron. Feature Documentary. A.C.E, 2004.
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INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  I. Computing Methodologies
  I.3 COMPUTER GRAPHICS
      I.3.7 Three-Dimensional Graphics and Realism
          Subjects: Color, shading, shadowing, and texture

Additional Classification:
  I. Computing Methodologies
  I.3 COMPUTER GRAPHICS
      I.3.6 Methodology and Techniques
          Subjects: Languages

General Terms:
Design, Human Factors, Standardization

Keywords:
X3D graphics, camera movement, depth of field, digital photography, field of view, machinima, offline rendering, viewpoint