Individual and social behavior in tagging systems

ABSTRACT

In tagging systems users can annotate items of interest with free-form terms. A good understanding of usage characteristics of such systems is necessary to improve the design of current and next generation of tagging systems. To this end, this work explores three aspects of user behavior in CiteULike and Connotea, two systems that include tagging features to support online personalized management of scientific publications. First, this study characterizes the degree to which users re-tag previously published items and reuse tags: 10 to 20% of the daily activity can be characterized as re-tagging and about 75% of the activity as tag reuse. Second, we use the pairwise similarity between users' activity to characterize the interest sharing in the system. We present the interest sharing distribution across the system, show that this metric encodes information about existing usage patterns, and attempt to correlate interest sharing levels to indicators of collaboration such as co-membership in discussion groups and semantic similarity of tag vocabularies. Finally, we show that interest sharing leads to an implicit structure that exhibit a natural segmentation. Throughout the paper we discuss the potential impact of our findings on the design of mechanisms that support tagging systems.

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INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  H. Information Systems
  H.3 INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL
      H.3.4 Systems and Software
          Subjects: Information networks

Additional Classification:
  H. Information Systems
  H.3 INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL
      H.3.5 On-line Information Services
          Subjects: Web-based services; Data sharing

General Terms:
Design, Experimentation, Measurement

Keywords:
interest sharing, random null model, tag reuse, tagging