2LIPGarden: 3D hypermedia for everyone

ABSTRACT

The early Web was hailed for being easy to use, and what is more important, giving people a chance to participate in its growth. The Web3D was believed to have potential to be the next step in the Web's evolution, since it could benefit from graphics hardware and provide users with new and exciting experiences. Nevertheless, Virtual Reality Markup Language (VRML), the first Web3D standard, and its successor X3D, did not generate commercial success. These languages were excessively complex for average Internet users.

In this paper, we propose 2LIPGarden, a 3D Hypermedia publishing framework that lets individuals who only know basic HTML - those same enthusiasts who could write pages for the early Web - create simple, easy to use yet interactive 3D web pages. Our framework builds upon 2-Layer Interface Paradigm (2LIP), an attempt to marry advantages of 3D experience with the advantages of narrative structure of hypertext. We introduce c-link to HTML, a new type of hyperlink, which connects text with its 3D visualization.

REFERENCES

• 1: Benjamin B. Bederson , Angela Boltman, Does Animation Help Users Build Mental Maps of Spatial Information?, Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, p.28, October 24-29, 1999
• 2: Jay David Bolter, Virtual reality and the future of hypertext (abstract), Proceedings of the ACM conference on Hypertext, p.2, November 30-December 04, 1992, Milan, Italy [doi>10.1145/168466.168473]
• 3: Stuart K. Card , Jock D. Mackinlay , Ben Shneiderman, Readings in information visualization: using vision to think, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco, CA, 1999
• 4: Forrester, Web3D: The Next Major Internet Wave, April 2008, http://www.forrester.com/
• 5: Tinsley A. Galyean, Guided navigation of virtual environments, Proceedings of the 1995 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics, p.103-ff., April 09-12, 1995, Monterey, California, United States [doi>10.1145/199404.199421]
• 6: Franca Garzotto , Matteo Forfori, Hyperstories and social interaction in 2D and 3D edutainment spaces for children, Proceedings of the seventeenth conference on Hypertext and hypermedia, August 22-25, 2006, Odense, Denmark [doi>10.1145/1149941.1149955]
• 7: Beverly L. Harrison , Gordon Kurtenbach , Kim J. Vicente, An experimental evaluation of transparent user interface tools and information content, Proceedings of the 8th annual ACM symposium on User interface and software technology, p.81-90, November 15-17, 1995, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States [doi>10.1145/215585.215669]
• 8: Jacek Jankowski , Stefan Decker, 2LIP: filling the gap between the current and the three-dimensional web, Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on 3D Web Technology, June 16-17, 2009, Darmstadt, Germany [doi>10.1145/1559764.1559793]
• 9: SMIL. http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-SMIL3-20081201/
• 10: Web3D Consortium. http://www.web3d.org

INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  H. Information Systems
  H.5 INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (I.7)
      H.5.4 Hypertext/Hypermedia
          Subjects: Architectures

Additional Classification:
  H. Information Systems
  H.5 INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (I.7)
      H.5.2 User Interfaces (D.2.2, H.1.2, I.3.6)
          Subjects: Graphical user interfaces (GUI)
      H.5.4 Hypertext/Hypermedia
          Subjects: Navigation

  I. Computing Methodologies
  I.7 DOCUMENT AND TEXT PROCESSING
      I.7.2 Document Preparation
          Subjects: Hypertext/hypermedia

General Terms:
Design, Human Factors

Keywords:
2LIP, 2LIPGarden, 3D hypermedia, 3D navigation, 3D web, copernicus, hyper-storytelling, publish, transparency