|
ABSTRACT
There is a natural intuitive match between anonymity and information theory. In particular, the maximal anonymity loss in anonymity protocols can be matched to the information theoretical notion of channel capacity. However, there is also a significant mismatch between the theories and reality: current theories can only characterize channel capacity based upon certain assumptions of symmetry, which are rarely satisfied in the real world. This paper aims to resolve this mismatch by appealing to powerful mathematical techniques. A generic methodology using Lagrange multiplier method is proposed to characterize channel capacity in anonymity protocols. This Lagrangian approach is proved to be able to generalize previous work on the channel capacity of protocols. Further, we present analyses on three well known protocols, namely Dining Cryptographers, Crowds and Onion Routing to demonstrate the application of our methodology.
REFERENCES
Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.
| |
1
|
|
| |
2
|
Michele Boreale: Quantifying Information Leakage in Process Calculi. ICALP (2) 2006: 119--131
|
| |
3
|
|
| |
4
|
K. Chatzikokolakis, C. Palamidessi, P. Panangaden. Anonymity Protocols as Noisy Channels, in: Postproceedings of the Symp. on Trustworthy Global Computing, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer, 2006.
|
 |
5
|
|
| |
6
|
|
| |
7
|
|
| |
8
|
David Clark, Sebastian Hunt, Pasquale Malacaria: Quantitative Analysis of the leakage of confidential data. Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science 59, 2002
|
| |
9
|
|
| |
10
|
George Danezis, Claudia Diaz and Carmela Troncoso. Two-Sided Statistical Disclosure Attack. In Proc. PET 2007, LNCS 4476, pp. 30--44, 2007.
|
 |
11
|
|
| |
12
|
C. Díaz, S. Seys, J Claessens and B. Preneel: Towards measuring anonymity. Proceedings of Privacy Enhancing Technologies Workshop (PET 2002), Springer-Verlag, LNCS 2482.
|
| |
13
|
Matthew Edman, Fikret Sivrikaya, Bulent Yener. A Combinatorial Approach to Measuring Anonymity. In Proc. Intelligence and Security Informatics, 2007 IEEE, 2007, pages 356--363.
|
 |
14
|
|
| |
15
|
Matthias Franz, Bernd Meyer and Andreas Pashalidis, Attacking Unlinkability: The Importance of Context. In Proc. PET 2007, LNCS 4776, pp. 1--16, 2007.
|
| |
16
|
James W Gray III: Toward a methematical foundataion for information flow security. Proc. 1991 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. Oakland, California, May 1991.
|
| |
17
|
Yong Guan, Xinwen Fu, Riccardo Bettati, and Wei Zhao: A quantitative analysis of anonymous communications. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, Page 103--115, Volume 53(1), March 2004.
|
| |
18
|
S. Kullback: Information Theory and Statistics. Dover Publications. 1997.
|
| |
19
|
John Mclean: Security models and information flow. Proc. 1990 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. Oakland, California, May 1990.
|
| |
20
|
Jonathan Millen: Covert channel capacity. Proc. 1987 IEEE Symposium on Research in Security and Privacy.
|
 |
21
|
|
 |
22
|
|
| |
23
|
Andreas Pashalidis and Bernd Meyer Linking Anonymous Transactions: The Consistent View Attack. In Proc. PET 2006, LNCS 4258, pp. 384--392, 2006.
|
| |
24
|
|
 |
25
|
|
| |
26
|
|
| |
27
|
A. Serjantov, G. Danezis. Towards an Information Theoretic Metric for Anonymity. Proceedings of Privacy Enhancing Technologies Workshop (PET 2002), Springer-Verlag, LNCS 2482.
|
| |
28
|
M. Wright, M. Adler, B. Levine, and C. Shields. An analysis of the degradation of anonymous protocols. In ISOC Network and Distributed System Security Symposium (NDSS), 2002.
|
| |
29
|
Vitaly Shmatikov. Probabilistic model checking of an anonymity system. Journal of Computer Security, vol 12, 2004.
|
 |
30
|
|
|