|
ABSTRACT
This article is a unified treatment of the state-of-the-art on the fundamental challenge of exhibiting explicit functions that have small correlation with low-degree polynomials over {0 1 }. It discusses long-standing results and recent developments, related proof techniques, and connections with pseudorandom generators. It also suggests several research directions.
REFERENCES
Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.
| |
1
|
|
| |
2
|
Sanjeev Arora and Boaz Barak. Computational Complexity: A Modern Approach (Draft). January 2007.
|
| |
3
|
J. Aspnes, R. Beigel, M. Furst, and S. Rudich. The expressive power of voting polynomials. Combinatorica, 14(2):135--148, 1994.
|
| |
4
|
Noga Alon, Oded Goldreich, Johan Håstad, and René Peralta. Simple constructions of almost k-wise independent random variables. Random Structures & Algorithms, 3(3):289--304, 1992.
|
| |
5
|
Noga Alon, Tali Kaufman, Michael Krivelevich, Simon Litsyn, and Dana Ron. Testing low-degree polynomials over GF(2). In 7th International Workshop on Randomization and Approximation Techniques in Computer Science (RANDOM), volume 2764 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 188--199. Springer, 2003.
|
 |
6
|
|
| |
7
|
Richard Beigel. The polynomial method in circuit complexity. In 8th Annual Structure in Complexity Theory Conference, pages 82--95. IEEE, 1993.
|
| |
8
|
Jean Bourgain. Estimation of certain exponential sums arising in complexity theory. C. R. Math. Acad. Sci. Paris, 340(9):627--631, 2005.
|
| |
9
|
Ido Ben-Eliezer, Rani Hod, and Shachar Lovett. Random low degree polynomials are hard to approximate. Manuscript, 2008.
|
| |
10
|
|
| |
11
|
Theodore Baker, John Gill, and Robert Solovay. Relativizations of the P=?NP question. SIAM J. Comput., 4(4):431--442, 1975.
|
| |
12
|
|
| |
13
|
|
 |
14
|
Eli Ben-Sasson , Madhu Sudan , Salil Vadhan , Avi Wigderson, Randomness-efficient low degree tests and short PCPs via epsilon-biased sets, Proceedings of the thirty-fifth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing, June 09-11, 2003, San Diego, CA, USA
[doi> 10.1145/780542.780631]
|
| |
15
|
|
| |
16
|
|
| |
17
|
Jin-Yi Cai, Frederic Green, and Thomas Thierauf. On the correlation of symmetric functions. Mathematical Systems Theory, 29(3):245--258, 1996.
|
| |
18
|
Peter Clote and Evangelos Kranakis. Boolean Functions and Computation Models. Springer, 2002.
|
| |
19
|
|
| |
20
|
|
| |
21
|
Devdatt Dubhashi and Alessandro Panconesi. Concentration of measure for the analysis of randomised algorithms, 2005. http://www.dsi.uniroma1.it/~ale/papers.html.
|
| |
22
|
|
| |
23
|
W. T. Gowers. A new proof of Szemerédi's theorem for arithmetic progressions of length four. Geom. Funct. Anal., 8(3):529--551, 1998.
|
| |
24
|
W. T. Gowers. A new proof of Szemerédi's theorem. Geom. Funct. Anal., 11(3):465--588, 2001.
|
| |
25
|
|
| |
26
|
|
| |
27
|
Mikael Goldmann, Johan Håstad, and Alexander A. Razborov. Majority gates vs. general weighted threshold gates. Computational Complexity, 2:277--300, 1992.
|
| |
28
|
Oded Goldreich, Noam Nisan, and Avi Wigderson. On Yao's XOR lemma. Technical Report TR95-050, Electronic Colloquium on Computational Complexity, March 1995. www.eccc.uni-trier.de/.
|
| |
29
|
Andrew Granville and Zeév Rudnick. Uniform distribution. In Equidistribution in Number Theory, An Introduction, volume 237 of NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, pages 1--13. Springer, 2007.
|
| |
30
|
Frederic Green and Amitabha Roy. Uniqueness of optimal mod 3 circuits for parity. In Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Algebraic Methods in Computational Complexity, volume 07411, 2007.
|
| |
31
|
Frederic Green, Amitabha Roy, and Howard Straubing. Bounds on an exponential sum arising in Boolean circuit complexity. C. R. Math. Acad. Sci. Paris, 341(5):279--282, 2005.
|
| |
32
|
Anna Gál and Vladimir Trifonov. On the correlation between parity and modular polynomials. In 31st International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS), volume 4162 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 387--398. Springer, 2006.
|
| |
33
|
Ben Green and Terence Tao. The distribution of polynomials over finite fields, with applications to the Gowers norms, 2007. arXiv:0711.3191v1.
|
| |
34
|
Ben Green and Terence Tao. An inverse theorem for the Gowers U3 (G)norm. Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society (Series 2), 51(01):73--153, 2008.
|
| |
35
|
Dan Gutfreund and Emanuele Viola. Fooling parity tests with parity gates. In 8th International Workshop on Randomization and Computation (RANDOM), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 3122, pages 381--392. Springer, 2004.
|
| |
36
|
Kristoffer Arnsfelt Hansen. Lower bounds for circuits with few modular gates using exponential sums. Electronic Colloquium on Computational Complexity, Technical Report TR06-079, 2006. www.eccc.uni-trier.de/.
|
| |
37
|
|
| |
38
|
|
| |
39
|
Johan Håstad and Mikael Goldmann. On the power of small-depth threshold circuits. Comput. Complexity, 1(2):113--129, 1991.
|
| |
40
|
|
| |
41
|
Alexander Healy and Emanuele Viola. Constant-depth circuits for arithmetic in finite fields of characteristic two. In 23rd International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 3884, pages 672--683. Springer, 2006.
|
 |
42
|
|
| |
43
|
|
 |
44
|
|
 |
45
|
|
| |
46
|
Michael Luby, Boban Velickovic, and Avi Wigderson. Deterministic approximate counting of depth-2 circuits. In 2nd Israeli Symposium on Theoretical Computer Science (ISTCS), pages 18--24, 1993.
|
| |
47
|
Valery A. Nepomnjascii. Rudimentary predicates and Turing calculations. Soviet Mathematics-Doklady, 11(6):1462--1465, 1970.
|
| |
48
|
Noam Nisan. Pseudorandom bits for constant depth circuits. Combinatorica, 11(1):63--70, 1991.
|
| |
49
|
|
| |
50
|
|
| |
51
|
|
| |
52
|
Alexander Razborov. Lower bounds on the dimension of schemes of bounded depth in a complete basis containing the logical addition function. Mat. Zametki, 41(4):598--607, 623, 1987.
|
| |
53
|
|
| |
54
|
|
 |
55
|
|
 |
56
|
|
 |
57
|
|
| |
58
|
Leslie G. Valiant. Graph-theoretic arguments in low-level complexity. In 6th Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science, volume 53 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 162--176. Springer, 1977.
|
| |
59
|
|
| |
60
|
Emanuele Viola. New correlation bounds for GF(2) polynomials using Gowers uniformity. Electronic Colloquium on Computational Complexity, Technical Report TR06-097, 2006. www.eccc.uni-trier.de/.
|
| |
61
|
|
| |
62
|
|
| |
63
|
Emanuele Viola and Avi Wigderson. Norms, XOR lemmas, and lower bounds for GF(2) polynomials and multiparty protocols. Theory of Computing, 4:137--168, 2008.
|
|