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ABSTRACT

Visually challenged pupils and students need special developmental tools. To facilitate their skills acquisition in math, different game-like techniques have been implemented. Along with Braille, the electro-tactile patterns (eTPs) can be used to deliver mathematical content to the visually challenged user. The goal of this work was to continue an exploration on non-visual manipulating mathematics. The eTPs denoting four trigonometric functions and their seven arguments (angles) were shaped with designed electro-tactile unit. Matching software application was used to facilitate the learning process of the eTPs. The permutation puzzle game was employed to improve the perceptual skills of the players in manipulating the trigonometric functions and their arguments encoded. The performance of 8 subjects was investigated and discussed. The experimental findings confirmed the possibility of the use of the eTPs for communicating different kinds of math content.

REFERENCES

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INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  H. Information Systems
  H.5 INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (I.7)
      H.5.2 User Interfaces (D.2.2, H.1.2, I.3.6)
          Subjects: Evaluation/methodology

Additional Classification:
  H. Information Systems
  H.5 INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (I.7)
      H.5.2 User Interfaces (D.2.2, H.1.2, I.3.6)
          Subjects: Prototyping

General Terms:
Design, Experimentation, Measurement, Performance

Keywords:
electro-tactile signals, trigonometry accessibility, visually challenged people