Cache-aware cross-profiling for java processors

ABSTRACT

Performance evaluation of embedded software is essential in an early development phase so as to ensure that the software will run on the embedded device's limited computing resources. Prevailing approaches either require the deployment of the software on the embedded target, which can be tedious and may be impossible in an early development phase, or rely on simulation, which can be very slow. In this paper, we introduce a customizable cross-profiling framework for embedded Java processors, including processors featuring a method cache. The developer profiles the embedded software in the host environment, completely decoupled from the target system, on any standard Java Virtual Machine, but the generated profiles represent the execution time metric of the target system. Our cross-profiling framework is based on bytecode instrumentation. We identify several pointcuts in the execution of bytecode that need to be instrumented in order to estimate the CPU cycle consumption on the target system. An evaluation using the JOP embedded Java processor as target confirms that our approach reconciles high profile accuracy with moderate overhead. Our cross-profiling framework also enables the rapid evaluation of the performance impact of possible optimizations, such as different caching strategies.

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INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  B. Hardware
  B.8 Performance and Reliability
      B.8.2 Performance Analysis and Design Aids

Additional Classification:
  C. Computer Systems Organization
  C.4 PERFORMANCE OF SYSTEMS
      Subjects: Measurement techniques

  D. Software
  D.2 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
      D.2.8 Metrics
          Subjects: Performance measures

General Terms:
Algorithms, Languages, Measurement, Performance

Keywords:
bytecode instrumentation, cross-profiling, embedded java processors, platform-independent dynamic metrics