dHCPS: decentralized hierarchically clustered p2p video streaming

ABSTRACT

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) based live video streaming service has been gaining popularity. The new generation of P2P live streaming systems not only attracts a large number of viewers, but also increasingly provides better video quality by adopting advanced coding techniques and supporting higher streaming rates. It is, therefore, crucial to design scalable P2P streaming solutions that offer excellent user Quality of Experience (QoE) in order to prevail in a competitive market place. In this paper, we propose a decentralized Hierarchically Clustered P2P Video Streaming (dHCPS) solution that can accommodate large viewer populations and support streaming rates approaching the optimal upper bound. In dHCPS, the peers are grouped into clusters and a hierarchy is formed among peer clusters. Peers retrieve video data from the source server in a hierarchical fashion. dHCPS employs a distributed P2P streaming design with minimum coordination overhead among peers. We propose a queue-based peer uploading algorithm that adaptively converges to the optimal operating point in a dynamic network environment. The prototype of dHCPS is implemented. Experiments over the PlanetLab demonstrate the effectiveness of dHCPS.

REFERENCES

• 1: C. H. Ashwin R. Bharambe and V. N. Padmanabhan. Analyzing and Improving a BitTorrent Network Performance Mechanisms. In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, 2006.
• 2: BT. Bittorent Homepage. http://www.bittorrent.com.
• 3: Miguel Castro , Peter Druschel , Anne-Marie Kermarrec , Animesh Nandi , Antony Rowstron , Atul Singh, SplitStream: high-bandwidth multicast in cooperative environments, Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles, October 19-22, 2003, Bolton Landing, NY, USA
• 4: P. Francis. Trees Versus Meshes: Is the Debate Over? In Sigcomm P2P Streaming Workshop, 2006.
• 5: Y. Guo, C. Liang, and Y. Liu. AQCS: Adaptive Queue-based Chunk Scheduling for P2P Live Streaming. In IFIF Networking, 2008.
• 6: John Jannotti , David K. Gifford , Kirk L. Johnson , M. Frans Kaashoek , James W. O'Toole, Jr., Overcast: reliable multicasting with on overlay network, Proceedings of the 4th conference on Symposium on Operating System Design & Implementation, p.14-14, October 22-25, 2000, San Diego, California
• 7: Joost. Joost homepage. http://www.joost.com/.
• 8: Dejan Kostić , Adolfo Rodriguez , Jeannie Albrecht , Amin Vahdat, Bullet: high bandwidth data dissemination using an overlay mesh, Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles, October 19-22, 2003, Bolton Landing, NY, USA
• 9: R. Kumar, Y. Liu, and K. Ross. Stochastic fluid theory for p2p streaming systems. In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, 2007.
• 10: C. Liang, Y. Guo, and Y. Liu. Hierarchically clustered p2p streaming system. In Proceedings of GLOBECOM, 2007.
• 11: N. Magharei and R. Rejaie. PRIME: Peer-to-Peer Receiver-drIven MEsh-based Streaming. In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, 2007.
• 12: N. Magharei, R. Rejaie, and Y. Guo. Mesh or Multiple-Tree: A Comparative Study of Live P2P Streaming Approaches. In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, 2007.
• 13: L. Massoulie, A. Twigg, C. Gkantsidis, and P. Rodriguez. Randomized decentralized broadcasting algorithms. In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, 2007.
• 14: V. Pai, K. Kumar, K. Tamilmani, V. Sambamurthy, and A. Mohr. Chainsaw: Eliminating trees from overlay multicast. In The Fourth International Workshop on Peer-to-Peer Systems, 2005.
• 15: PlanetLab. PlanetLab Homepage. http://www.planet-lab.org.
• 16: PPLive. PPLive Homepage. http://www.pplive.com.
• 17: SopCast. SopCast Homepage. http://www.sopcast.org.
• 18: Trickle. Trickle Homepage. http://monkey.org/~marius/pages/?page=trickle.
• 19: unkown. Skype webpage. http://www.skype.com/.
• 20: Vidhyashankar Venkataraman , Kaouru Yoshida , Paul Francis, Chunkyspread: Heterogeneous Unstructured Tree-Based Peer-to-Peer Multicast, Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols, p.2-11, November 12-15, 2006 [doi>10.1109/ICNP.2006.320193]
• 21: Feng Wang , Yongqiang Xiong , Jiangchuan Liu, mTreebone: A Hybrid Tree/Mesh Overlay for Application-Layer Live Video Multicast, Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, p.49, June 25-27, 2007 [doi>10.1109/ICDCS.2007.122]
• 22: M. Wang and B. Li. Lava: A reality check of network coding in peer-to-peer live streaming. In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, 2007.
• 23: M. Zhang, L. Zhao, J. L. Y. Tang, and S. Yang. A peer-to-peer network for streaming multicast through the internet. In Proceedings of ACM Multimedia, 2005.
• 24: X. Zhang, J. Liu, B. Li, and T.-S. P. Yum. DONet/CoolStreaming: A data-driven overlay network for live media streaming. In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, 2005.

INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  C. Computer Systems Organization
  C.2 COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
      C.2.2 Network Protocols
          Subjects: Applications (SMTP, FTP, etc.)

Additional Classification:
  C. Computer Systems Organization
  C.2 COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
      C.2.4 Distributed Systems
          Subjects: Distributed applications
  C.4 PERFORMANCE OF SYSTEMS
      Subjects: Design studies

General Terms:
Algorithms, Design, Performance

Keywords:
distributed, hierarchical, live streaming, peer-to-peer