GInX: gaze based interface extensions

ABSTRACT

This paper introduces the Gaze based Interface Extensions (GInX) architecture designed for the development of eye-gaze enhanced attentive interfaces. The architecture is composed of 3 modules, the domain, user, and attentive modules. In the absence of information about the user and the domain, the attentive module controls the cursor using gaze and target position information alone. The cursor control can be refined in an attentive way [Vertegaal 2002] as more information about the application and the user are added. The system currently offers 3 different operation modes: Latency, MAGIC, and GInX default mode. In the Latency mode, the cursor position is controlled by gaze and selection is done using dwell time. MAGIC Pointing [Zhai et al. 1999] was suggested to combine the speed of eye tracking with the accuracy of manual pointing devices. GInX extends the concept of Magic Pointing by introducing information about the user and application context in order to eliminate the time required for cursor reacquisition and position adjustment inherent in the original MAGIC Pointing interface. A prototype of GInX was implemented and used to compared the performance of all these 3 modes with a mouse. Our experiments show that GInX outperforms MAGIC Pointing, although the mouse has the best performance overall.

REFERENCES

• 1: Glenstrup, A., and Engell-Nielsen, T. 1995. Eye Controlled Media: Present and Future State. Master's thesis, University of Copenhagen DIKU (Institute of Computer Science), Universitetsparken 1 DK-2100 Denmark.
• 2: Jacob, R. 1993. What you look at is what you get. IEEE Computer 26, 7 (July), 65--66.
• 3: I. Scott MacKenzie , Abigail Sellen , William A. S. Buxton, A comparison of input devices in element pointing and dragging tasks, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems: Reaching through technology, p.161-166, April 27-May 02, 1991, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States [doi>10.1145/108844.108868]
• 4: Linda E. Sibert , Robert J. K. Jacob, Evaluation of eye gaze interaction, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, p.281-288, April 01-06, 2000, The Hague, The Netherlands [doi>10.1145/332040.332445]
• 5: Roel Vertegaal, Designing attentive interfaces, Proceedings of the 2002 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications, March 25-27, 2002, New Orleans, Louisiana [doi>10.1145/507072.507077]
• 6: Jingtao Wang , Shumin Zhai , Hui Su, Chinese input with keyboard and eye-tracking: an anatomical study, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, p.349-356, March 2001, Seattle, Washington, United States [doi>10.1145/365024.365298]
• 7: Shumin Zhai , Carlos Morimoto , Steven Ihde, Manual and gaze input cascaded (MAGIC) pointing, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems: the CHI is the limit, p.246-253, May 15-20, 1999, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States [doi>10.1145/302979.303053]

INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  I. Computing Methodologies
  I.2 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
        I.2.10 Vision and Scene Understanding

Additional Classification:
  H. Information Systems
  H.1 MODELS AND PRINCIPLES
      H.1.2 User/Machine Systems

Keywords:
gaze aware interfaces