From entry to access: how shareability comes about

ABSTRACT

Shareability is a design principle that refers to how a system, interface, or device engages a group of collocated, co-present users in shared interactions around the same content (or the same object). This is broken down in terms of a set of components that facilitate or constrain the way an interface (or product) is made shareable. Central are the notions of access points and entry points. Entry points invite and entice people into engagement, providing an advance overview, minimal barriers, and a honeypot effect that draws observers into the activity. Access points enable users to join a group's activity, allowing perceptual and manipulative access and fluidity of sharing. We show how these terms can be useful for informing analysis and empirical research.

REFERENCES

• 1: Katja Battarbee, Defining co-experience, Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Designing pleasurable products and interfaces, June 23-26, 2003, Pittsburgh, PA, USA [doi>10.1145/782896.782923]
• 2: Brignull, H.: Design for the adoption of Community Displays in Communal Spaces. Unpublished DPhil Thesis, University of Sussex, Brighton (2005)
• 3: Brignull, H., Rogers, Y.: Enticing people to interact with large public displays in public spaces. In: Proc. of INTERACT'03, (2003) 17--24
• 4: Alan Dix , Janet Finley , Gregory Abowd , Russell Beale, Human-computer interaction (2nd ed.), Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1998
• 5: Eva Hornecker, A design theme for tangible interaction: embodied facilitation, Proceedings of the ninth conference on European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, p.23-43, September 18-22, 2005, Paris, France
• 6: Eva Hornecker , Jacob Buur, Getting a grip on tangible interaction: a framework on physical space and social interaction, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in computing systems, April 22-27, 2006, Montréal, Québec, Canada [doi>10.1145/1124772.1124838]
• 7: John-Steiner, V.: Creative Collaboration. Oxford University Press (2000)
• 8: Kendon, A.: Spatial organization in social encounters: The F-formation system. In: Kendon, A. Conducting interaction. Patterns of behavior in focused encounters. Cambridge University Press (1990) 209--237
• 9: Kirsh, D.: The context of work. Human-Computer Interaction, 16, (2001) 305--322
• 10: Lidwell, W., Holden, K., Butler, J.: Universal Principles of Design. Rockport (2005)
• 11: Löwgren, J.: The use qualities of digital designs. Draft 1.0. http://webzone.k3.mah.se/k3jolo/Material/uqDDv1.pdf (2002) (read: 26.11.2004)
• 12: Niedenthal, P. M., Barsalou, L. W., Winkielman, P., Krauth-Gruber, S., Ric, F.: Embodiment in attitudes, social perception, and emotion. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 9, (2005) 184--211
• 13: Norman, D.: The Design of Everyday Things. Doubleday (1988)
• 14: David Pinelle , Carl Gutwin , Saul Greenberg, Task analysis for groupware usability evaluation: Modeling shared-workspace tasks with the mechanics of collaboration, ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI), v.10 n.4, p.281-311, December 2003 [doi>10.1145/966930.966932]
• 15: Rogers, Y.: New Theoretical approaches for Human-Computer Interaction. Annual Review of Information, Science and Technology, 38 (2004) 87--143
• 16: Rogers, Y., Lim, Y-K., Hazlewood, W.: Equal opportunities: do shareable interfaces promote more group participation than single user displays? Submitted to HCI Journal (2007)
• 17: Kathy Ryall , Clifton Forlines , Chia Shen , Meredith Ringel Morris, Exploring the effects of group size and table size on interactions with tabletop shared-display groupware, Proceedings of the 2004 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work, November 06-10, 2004, Chicago, Illinois, USA [doi>10.1145/1031607.1031654]
• 18: Stacey D. Scott , Karen D. Grant , Regan L. Mandryk, System guidelines for co-located, collaborative work on a tabletop display, Proceedings of the eighth conference on European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, p.159-178, September 14-18, 2003, Helsinki, Finland
• 19: Peter G. Scupelli , Sara Kiesler , Susan R. Fussell, Using isovist views to study placement of large displays in natural settings, CHI '07 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems, April 28-May 03, 2007, San Jose, CA, USA [doi>10.1145/1240866.1241056]
• 20: Helen Sharp , Yvonne Rogers , Jenny Preece, Interaction Design: Beyond Human Computer Interaction, John Wiley & Sons, 2007
• 21: Chia Shen , Frédéric D. Vernier , Clifton Forlines , Meredith Ringel, DiamondSpin: an extensible toolkit for around-the-table interaction, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, p.167-174, April 24-29, 2004, Vienna, Austria [doi>10.1145/985692.985714]
• 22: Stahl, G.: Contributions to a theoretical framework for CSCL. In: Proc. of CSCL'02. (2002).
• 23: Danae Stanton , Victor Bayon , Helen Neale , Ahmed Ghali , Steve Benford , Sue Cobb , Rob Ingram , Claire O'Malley , John Wilson , Tony Pridmore, Classroom collaboration in the design of tangible interfaces for storytelling, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, p.482-489, March 2001, Seattle, Washington, United States [doi>10.1145/365024.365322]
• 24: Stanton, D., Neale, H.: Collaborative Behaviour around a computer: the effect of multiple mice on children's talk and interaction. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 19 (2), (2003) 229--239
• 25: Jason Stewart , Elaine M. Raybourn , Ben Bederson , Allison Druin, When two hands are better than one: enhancing collaboration using single display groupware, CHI 98 conference summary on Human factors in computing systems, p.287-288, April 18-23, 1998, Los Angeles, California, United States [doi>10.1145/286498.286766]
• 26: Hideyuki Suzuki , Hiroshi Kato, Interaction-level support for collaborative learning: AlgoBlock—an open programming language, The first international conference on Computer support for collaborative learning, p.349-355, October 1995, Indiana Univ., Bloomington, Indiana, United States
• 27: Teasley, S.: Talking about Reasoning: How Important is the Peer in Peer Collaboration. In: L. B. Resnick, R. Säljö, C. Pontecorvo und B. Burge (eds.), Discourse, Tools, and Reasoning - Essays on Situated Cognition, Vol. 160, NATO ASI Series (1993) 361--384
• 28: Aaron Toney , Bruce H. Thomas, Applying reach in direct manipulation user interfaces, Proceedings of the 20th conference of the computer-human interaction special interest group (CHISIG) of Australia on Computer-human interaction: design: activities, artefacts and environments, November 20-24, 2006, Sydney, Australia [doi>10.1145/1228175.1228255]
• 29: QianYing Wang , Alberto Battocchi , Ilenia Graziola , Fabio Pianesi , Daniel Tomasini , Massimo Zancanaro , Clifford Nass, The role of psychological ownership and ownership markers in collaborative working environment, Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Multimodal interfaces, November 02-04, 2006, Banff, Alberta, Canada [doi>10.1145/1180995.1181041]

INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  A. General Literature
  A.0 GENERAL

Additional Classification:
  H. Information Systems
  H.5 INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (I.7)
      H.5.2 User Interfaces (D.2.2, H.1.2, I.3.6)