|
ABSTRACT
In this paper we present the concept of an isovist, derived from the architectural literature, and describe how isovists can help HCI researchers understand visibility in a physical environment. An isovist is defined as the set of all points visible in all directions from a given vantage point in space. The overlap in isovists from two or more locations can be used to assess reciprocal visibility and thereby assist in the placement of large displays for public or shared use. We illustrate the value of isovists for HCI research using field data from two OR suites in two major urban hospitals. First, we show how patterns of interaction between anesthesiologists and nurses in each of two OR suites are associated with quantity of isovist overlap. Then, we show how an isovist analysis can be used to determine a better placement for the shared display in one of the OR suites to enhance coordination between groups.
REFERENCES
Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.
| |
1
|
Allen, T. J. (1977). Managing the flow of technology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
|
| |
2
|
Benedikt, M.L. (1979) To take hold of space: Isovists and isovists fields. Environment & Planning B, 6, 47--65.
|
| |
3
|
Conroy Dalton, R. & Dalton, N. (2001) OmniVista: an application for isovist field and path analysis. In the 3rd International Space Syntax Symposium.
|
| |
4
|
Festinger, L., Schacter, S., & Back, K. (1950). Social pressures in informal groups: A study of human factors in housing. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.
|
| |
5
|
Gibson, J.J. (1979). The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. New Jersey, USA: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
|
| |
6
|
Hatch, M.J., (1987). Physical barriers, task characteristics, and interaction activity in research and development firms. Administrative Science Quarterly, 32, 387--399.
|
| |
7
|
Hillier, B. and Hanson, J. (1984). The social logic of space. New York, Cambridge University Press.
|
| |
8
|
Kendon, A. & Ferber, A. (1973). A description of some human greetings. In R. Michael & J. Crook (Eds.), Comparative ecology and behavior of primates (pp. 591--668). London: Academic Press.
|
| |
9
|
Kraut, R. E., Fish, R., Root, R., & Chalfonte, B. (1990). Informal communication in organizations: Form, function, and technology. In S. Oskamp & S. Spacapan (Eds.), Human reactions to technology: Claremont symposium on applied social psychology (pp. 145--199). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
|
| |
10
|
Norman, Donald A. (1988). The Design of Everyday Things. New York: Doubleday.
|
| |
11
|
|
| |
12
|
Olson, G. M., & Olson, J. S. (2000). Distance matters. Human-Computer Interaction, 15, 139--179.
|
| |
13
|
Peponis, J., Wineman, J., Rashid, M., Hong Kim, S., Bafna, S., (1997). On the description of shape and spatial configuration inside buildings: convex partitions and their local properties. Environment & Planning B 24, 761--781.
|
| |
14
|
Peponis, J., & Wineman, J. (2002). Spatial structure of environment and behavior. In R. Bechtel & A. Churchman (Eds.), Handbook of environmental psychology (pp. 271--291). New York: Wiley.
|
| |
15
|
Ratti, C. (2004). Space syntax: some inconsistencies. Environment & Planning B, 31, 501--511.
|
| |
16
|
Strauss, A., Fagerhaugh, S., Suczek, B. & Winer, C. (1985). Social organization of medical work. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
|
| |
17
|
Su, R. & Bailey, B., (2005). Towards guidelines for positioning large displays in interactive workspaces, in Proc. of INTERACT 2005, LNCS 3585, 337 -- 349.
|
| |
18
|
Turner, A., (2001). Depthmap: a program to perform visibility graph analysis. In the 3rd International Space Syntax Symposium..
|
| |
19
|
Turner, A., Doxa, M., O'Sullivan, D., & Penn, A. (2001). From isovists to visibility graphs: a methodology for the analysis of architectural space, Environment & Planning B, 28, 103--121.
|
 |
20
|
Daniel Wigdor , Chia Shen , Clifton Forlines , Ravin Balakrishnan, Effects of display position and control space orientation on user preference and performance, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in computing systems, April 22-27, 2006, Montréal, Québec, Canada
[doi> 10.1145/1124772.1124819]
|
| |
21
|
|
|