Capacity upgrading in mobile ad hoc access networks (MAHANs) using CSMA/CAPA

ABSTRACT

From recent trends, mobile ad hoc access networks (MAHANs) have attracted high attention to be adopted in future 4G networks. The gateway in a typical MAHAN provides Internet access service for mobile nodes. In order to guarantee ubiquitous Internet accessibility, mobile nodes should cooperate to relay packets for nodes lying behind the radio coverage of the gateway. The carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol is commonly used as the MAC protocol in ad hoc networks. However, CSMA/CA suffers from contentions and is not suitable for MAHANs where traffic flows are aggregated at the gateway. In this paper, we propose the CSMA protocol with collision avoidance, packing and accompanying (CSMA/CAPA) for MAHANs. The packing scheme allows more packets to be transmitted in a frame while the accompanying scheme allows nodes with more opportunities to transmit their frames. The feasible queueing strategy for CSMA/CAPA protocol is discussed. Simulation results show that CSMA/CAPA can significantly upgrade the capacity of MAHANs even when the channel error rate is high.

REFERENCES

• 1: A. Raniwala and T. -C. Chiueh, "Architecture and algorithms for an IEEE 802.11-based multi-channel wireless mesh network," in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM 2005, Mar. 2005, Miami, vol. 3, pp. 2223--2234.
• 2: Bill Douskalis, IP telephony: the integration of robust VoIP services, Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2000
• 3: B. Goode, "Voice over Internet protocol (VoIP)," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 90, no. 9, Sept. 2002, pp. 1495--1517.
• 4: C. -Y. Hsu, J. -L. C. Wu and S. -T. Wang, "Support of efficient route discovery in mobile ad hoc access networks," IEICE Transactions on Communications, vol. E89-B, no. 4, Apr. 2006, pp. 1252--1262.
• 5: D. B. Johnson and D. A. Maltz, "Dynamic Source Routing in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks," Mobile Computing, 1996, Boston, USA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 153--181.
• 6: Giuseppe Anastasi , Eleonora Borgia , Marco Conti , Enrico Gregori, Wi-Fi in Ad Hoc Mode: A Measurement Study, Proceedings of the Second IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (PerCom'04), p.145, March 14-17, 2004
• 7: I. Tinnirello and S. Choi, "Efficiency analysis of burst transmissions with block ack in contention-based 802.11e WLANs," in Proc. IEEE ICC 2005, May 2005, Seoul, Korea, pp. 3455--3460.
• 8: "IEEE 802.11 Local and Metropolitan Area Networks: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical (PHY) Specifications," ISO/IEC 8802-11: 1999(E).
• 9: IEEE 802.11e, "Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications, Amendment 8: Medium Access Control (MAC) Quality of Service Enhancements," IEEE Standard, Nov. 2005.
• 10: ITU-T G.114, One-Way Transmission Time, 1996.
• 11: J. -H. Song, V. W. S. Wong and V. C. M. Leung, "Efficient On-Demand Routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Wireless Access Networks," IEEE JSAC, vol. 22, no. 7, Sept. 2004, pp. 1374--1383.
• 12: Yu-Chee Tseng , Chia-Ching Shen , Wen-Tsuen Chen, Integrating Mobile IP with Ad Hoc Networks, Computer, v.36 n.5, p.48-55, May 2003 [doi>10.1109/MC.2003.1198236]
• 13: Yang Xiao , Haizhon Li, Voice and Video Transmissions with Global Data Parameter Control for the IEEE 802.11e Enhance Distributed Channel Access, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, v.15 n.11, p.1041-1053, November 2004 [doi>10.1109/TPDS.2004.72]
• 14: The Network Simulator - ns-2, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/index.html.
• 15: P. M. Ruiz, F. J. Ros and A. Gomez-Skarmeta, "Internet connectivity for mobile ad hoc networks: solutions and challenges," IEEE Communication Magazine, vol. 43, no. 10, Oct. 2005, pp. 118--125

INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  C. Computer Systems Organization
  C.2 COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
      C.2.5 Local and Wide-Area Networks
          Subjects: Access schemes

General Terms:
Design, Performance

Keywords:
CSMA/CA, accompanying, mobile ad hoc access network (MAHAN), packing