|
 ABSTRACT
We describe Telos, a language intended to support the development of information systems. The design principles for the language are based on the premise that information system development is knowledge intensive and that the primary responsibility of any language intended for the task is to be able to formally represent the relevent knowledge. Accordingly, the proposed language is founded on concepts from knowledge representations. Indeed, the language is appropriate for representing knowledge about a variety of worlds related to a particular information system, such as the subject world (application domain), the usage world (user models, environments), the system world (software requirements, design), and the development world (teams, metodologies).
We introduce the features of the language through examples, focusing on those provided for desribing metaconcepts that can then be used to describe knowledge relevant to a particular information system. Telos' fetures include an object-centered framework which supports aggregation, generalization, and classification; a novel treatment of attributes; an explicit representation of time; and facilities for specifying integrity constraints and deductive rules. We review actual applications of the language through further examples, and we sketch a formalization of the language.
REFERENCES
Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.
| |
1
|
|
 |
2
|
|
| |
3
|
ALLEN, J., AND HAYES, P. A common-sense theory of time. In Proceedings of the 9th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (Los Angeles, Calif., 1985), pp. 528-531.
|
| |
4
|
|
| |
5
|
ATTAaDI, G., AND SIMI, M. Consistency and completeness of OMEGA, a logic for knowledge representation. In Proceedings of lJCAI-81 (Vancouver, B.C., 1981), pp. 504-510.
|
| |
6
|
BALZER, R., AND GOLDMAN, N. Principles of good software specification and their implications for specification languages. In Proceedings of the Conference on Specifications for Reliable Software (Boston, Mass., 1979), pp. 58-67.
|
| |
7
|
|
| |
8
|
Bn~oT, J.-L., DEMOEN, B., HANNE, K.-H., SOLOMON, L., VASSILIOU, Y., VON HAAN, W., AND WACHTEL, T. LOKI: A logic oriented approach to data and knowledge bases supporting natural language interaction. In Proceedings of the ESPRIT "88 Conference. North-Holland, New York, 1988, pp. 562-577.
|
| |
9
|
BORGIDA, A., GREENSPAN, S. J., AND MYLOPOULOS, J. Knowledge representation as the basis to requirements specification. IEEE Computer 18, 4 (1985), 82-91.
|
| |
10
|
BOWEN, g., AND KOWALSKI, R. Amalgamating language and meta-language. In Logic Programming, K. Clark and S. Tarnlund, Eds. Academic Press, New York, 1982, pp. 153-172.
|
| |
11
|
BRACHMAN, R., FIKES, R., AND LEVESQUE, H. KRYPTON: Integrating terminology and assertion. In Proceedings of AAAI-83 (Washington, D.C., 1983), pp. 31-35.
|
| |
12
|
|
| |
13
|
|
| |
14
|
BUBENKO, J. On concepts and strategies for requirements and information analysis. In Proceedings of IFIP-80 (1980).
|
| |
15
|
|
| |
16
|
CHUNG, K., KATALAGARIANOS, P., MARAKAKIS, M., MERTIKAS, M., MYLOPOULOS, J., AND VASSILIOU, Y. From information system requirements to designs: A mapping framework. Tech. Note 53, Computer Systems Research Institute, University of Toronto, Nov. 1989.
|
| |
17
|
|
| |
18
|
|
| |
19
|
DEVANBU, P., SELFRIDGE, P., BALLARD, B., AND BRACHMAN, R. A knowledge-based software information system. In Proceedings of IJCAI-89 (1989), pp. 500-501.
|
| |
20
|
|
| |
21
|
EHERER, S., JARKE, M., JEUSFELD, M., MIETHSAM, A., AND ROSE, T. A global KBMS for database software evolution: ConceptBase 2.0 User Manual. Tech. Rep. MIP-8936, University of Passau, 1989.
|
| |
22
|
|
| |
23
|
|
| |
24
|
|
| |
25
|
|
| |
26
|
HAGELSTEIN, J. Declarative approach to information systems requirements. Knowledge- Based Systems 1, 4 (1988), 211-220.
|
| |
27
|
HAHN, U., JARKE, M., KREPLIN, K., FARUSI, M., AND PIMPINELLI, F. Co-AUTHOR: A hypermedia group authoring environment. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (Gatwick, United Kingdom, 1989).
|
| |
28
|
|
| |
29
|
HAIDAN, R., AND MEYER, R. Requirements modeling and system specification in a logic-based knowledge representation framework. Tech. Rep., ESPRIT project 892 (DAIDA), SCS Informationstechnik, Hamburg, Germany, 1990.
|
| |
30
|
|
| |
31
|
|
| |
32
|
JARKE, M., JEUSFELD, M., AND ROSE, T. Software process modeling as a strategy for KBMS implementation. In Proceedings of the First International Conference on Deductive and Object-Oriented Databases (Kyoto, Japan, 1989), pp. 496-512.
|
| |
33
|
|
| |
34
|
JARKE, M., MYLOPOULOS, J., SCHMIDT, J., AND VASSmIOU, Y. Information systems development as knowledge engineering: the DAIDA project. Tech. Rep., ESPRIT project 892 (DAIDA), Forthcoming.
|
| |
35
|
Michael Kifer , Georg Lausen, F-logic: a higher-order language for reasoning about objects, inheritance, and scheme, Proceedings of the 1989 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data, p.134-146, June 1989, Portland, Oregon, United States
|
| |
36
|
KONSYSNKI, B., AND KOTTEMAN, Z. Dynamic metasystems for information systems development. In Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Information Systems (1984), pp. 187-204.
|
| |
37
|
KOUBARAKIS, M., MYLOPOULOS, J., STANLEY, M., AND BORGIDA, A. Telos: Features and formalization. Tech. Rep. KRR-TR-89-4, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 1989.
|
| |
38
|
KRAMER, B. The representation of programs in the procedural semantic network formalism. Master's thesis, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 1980.
|
| |
39
|
|
| |
40
|
MYLOPOULOS, J., BORGIDA, A., JARKE, M., AND KOUBARAKIS, M. Telos: A language for representing knowledge about information systems. Tech. Rep. KRR-TR-89-1 (Revised), Dept. of Computer Science, University of Toronto, August 1990.
|
| |
41
|
|
| |
42
|
T. William Olle , A. A. Verrijn Stuart , H. G. Sol, Information Systems Design Methodologies; A Comparative Review: Proceedings of the IFIP WG 8.1 Working Conference on Comparative Review of Information Systems Design Methodologies, Noordwijkerhout, the Netherlands, 10-14 May 1982, Elsevier Science Inc., New York, NY, 1982
|
| |
43
|
PERNmI, B. Objects with roles. In Object-Oriented Development, D. Tsichritzis, Ed. Centre Universitaire d'Informatique, Universite de Geneve, Switzerland, 1989, pp. 75-100.
|
| |
44
|
PROFROCK, A.-K., ADER, M., MULLER, G., AND TSmHRITZIS, D. ITHACA: An overview. Tech. Rep., Nixdorf Software Engineering GmbH, Berlin, 1989.
|
| |
45
|
REITER, R. Towards a logical reconstruction of relational database theory. In On Conceptual Modelling: Perspectives from Artificial Intelligence, Databases and Programming Languages, M. Brodie, J. Mylopoulos, and J. Schmidt, Eds. Springer Verlag, 1984, pp. 191-233.
|
| |
46
|
RmH, C. Knowledge representation languages and predicate calculus: How to have your cake and eat it too. In Proceedings of AAAI-82 (Pittsburgh, 1982).
|
| |
47
|
|
| |
48
|
|
| |
49
|
Ross, D., AND SCHOMAN, K. Structured analysis for requirements definition. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (1977), 49-60.
|
| |
50
|
|
| |
51
|
SRINKATH, R., AND jARKE, M. The design of knowledge-based systems for managing illstructured software projects. Decision Support Systems 5, 4 (1989), 425-447.
|
| |
52
|
STANLEY, M. CML: A knowledge representation language with application to requirements modelling. Master's thesis, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 1986.
|
| |
53
|
TOPALOGLOU, T., AND KOUBARAKIS, M. Implementation of Telos: Problems and solutions. Tech. Rep. KRR-TR-89-8, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 1989.
|
| |
54
|
TOULMIN, S. The Uses of Argument. Cambridge University Press, 1958.
|
| |
55
|
|
| |
56
|
|
CITED BY 108
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eric S. K. Yu , John Mylopoulos, Understanding “why” in software process modelling, analysis, and design, Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Software engineering, p.159-168, May 16-21, 1994, Sorrento, Italy
|
|
|
Martin Staudt , René Soiron , Christoph Quix , Matthias Jarke, Query optimization for repository-based applications, Proceedings of the 1999 ACM symposium on Applied computing, p.197-203, February 28-March 02, 1999, San Antonio, Texas, United States
|
|
|
G. Karvounarakis , A. Magganaraki , S. Alexaki , V. Christophides , D. Plexousakis , M. Scholl , K. Tolle, Querying the Semantic Web with RQL, Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking, v.42 n.5, p.617-640, 05 August 2003
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ariel Fuxman , Paolo Giorgini , Manuel Kolp , John Mylopoulos, Information systems as social structures, Proceedings of the international conference on Formal Ontology in Information Systems, p.10-21, October 17-19, 2001, Ogunquit, Maine, USA
|
|
|
Martin Staudt , Christoph Quix , Manfred A. Jeusfeld, View maintenance and change notification for application program views, Proceedings of the 1998 ACM symposium on Applied Computing, p.220-225, February 27-March 01, 1998, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
|
|
|
Vinay K. Chaudhri , Vassos Hadzilacos , John Mylopoulos , Kenneth C. Sevcik, Quantitative evaluation of a transaction facility for knowledge base management system, Proceedings of the third international conference on Information and knowledge management, p.122-131, November 29-December 02, 1994, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Patrick Finnigan , Richard C. Holt , Ivan Kallas , Scott Kerr , Kostas Kontogiannis , Hausi A. Müller , John Mylopoulos , Stephen G. Perelgut , Martin Stanley , Kerny Wong, The software bookshelf, Advances in software engineering, Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., New York, NY, 2002
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michael Whitney , Morris Bernstein , Renato De Mori , Kostas Kontogiannis , Brain Corrie , Hausi Müller , Scott Tilley , Ettore Merlo , John Mylopoulos , Kenny Wong , J. Howard Johnson , James McDaniel , Martin Stanley, Using an integrated toolset for program understanding, Proceedings of the 1995 conference of the Centre for Advanced Studies on Collaborative research, p.59, November 07-09, 1995, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lawrence Chung , Brian A. Nixon , Eric Yu, An approach to building quality into software architecture, Proceedings of the 1995 conference of the Centre for Advanced Studies on Collaborative research, p.13, November 07-09, 1995, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
|
|
|
Jeffrey J. P. Tsai , Alan Liu , Eric Juan , Avinash Sahay, Knowledge-Based Software Architectures: Acquisition, Specification, and Verification, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, v.11 n.1, p.187-201, January 1999
|
|
|
John Mylopoulos , Martin Stanley , Kenny Wong , Morris Bernstein , Renato De Mori , Graham Ewart , Kostas Kontogiannis , Ettore Merlo , Hausi Müller , Scott Tilley , Marijana Tomic, Towards an integrated toolset for program understanding, Proceedings of the 1994 conference of the Centre for Advanced Studies on Collaborative research, p.48, October 31-November 03, 1994, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bryan M. Kramer , Vinay K. Chaudhri , Manolis Koubarakis , Thodoros Topaloglou , Huaiqing Wang , John Mylopoulos, Implementing Telos, ACM SIGART Bulletin, v.2 n.3, p.77-83, June 1991
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gregory Karvounarakis , Sofia Alexaki , Vassilis Christophides , Dimitris Plexousakis , Michel Scholl, RQL: a declarative query language for RDF, Proceedings of the 11th international conference on World Wide Web, May 07-11, 2002, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yijun Yu , Julio Cesar Sampaio do Prado Leite , Alexei Lapouchnian , John Mylopoulos, Configuring features with stakeholder goals, Proceedings of the 2008 ACM symposium on Applied computing, March 16-20, 2008, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Cooper , S. P. Abraham , R. S. Unnithan , L. Chung , S. Courtney, Integrating visual goal models into the Rational Unified Process, Journal of Visual Languages and Computing, v.17 n.6, p.551-583, December, 2006
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Elisabetta Di Nitto , Carlo Ghezzi , Andreas Metzger , Mike Papazoglou , Klaus Pohl, A journey to highly dynamic, self-adaptive service-based applications, Automated Software Engineering, v.15 n.3-4, p.313-341, December 2008
|
|
|
Martin Doerr , Christian-Emil Ore , Stephen Stead, The CIDOC conceptual reference model: a new standard for knowledge sharing, Tutorials, posters, panels and industrial contributions at the 26th international conference on Conceptual modeling, November 01-01, 2007, Auckland, New Zealand
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Boris Motik , Bernardo Cuenca Grau , Ian Horrocks , Ulrike Sattler, Representing ontologies using description logics, description graphs, and rules, Artificial Intelligence, v.173 n.14, p.1275-1309, September, 2009
|
INDEX TERMS
Primary Classification:
I.
Computing Methodologies
I.2
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
I.2.4
Knowledge Representation Formalisms and Methods
Nouns:
Telos
Additional Classification:
D.
Software
D.2
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
H.
Information Systems
H.4
INFORMATION SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS
General Terms:
Design,
Languages
Keywords:
belief time,
class,
deductive rules,
history time,
instance,
integrity constraints,
knowledge base,
metaclass,
proposition,
temporal knowledge
REVIEW
"Klaus K. Obermeier : Reviewer"
Telos is a language for developing information systems. The basic
idea behind Telos is to create a semantically and syntactically rich
environment for transparently and efficiently encoding the knowledge
needed to build metamodels for software
more...
|
Adobe Acrobat
QuickTime
Windows Media Player
Real Player
Pdf