Disk drive energy optimization for audio-video applications

ABSTRACT

Earlier techniques for low power speed control in disk drives running audio/video applications attempted to either match the drive's speed to the data rate requirement of the host application (just-in-time speed), or run it at the maximum drive speed, neither of which are energy-optimal in general. Starting from the theory of DC motors, we obtain a high-level power model of a disk drive. We then analytically obtain the speed profile (function of time) that minimizes the energy required to transfer a given amount of data from/to the drive, in a given amount of time. Based on a power model obtained by measurement from a commercial optical drive, it is estimated that the proposed speed control technique consumes 79\%, 70\% and 50\% less energy for VCD, SVCD and DVD video playback, respectively, when compared to existing just-in-time CLV techniques. This work also provides an analytical framework to understand earlier observations that buffering multimedia data and employing CAV mode in disk drives is more energy-efficient.

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INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  C. Computer Systems Organization
  C.3 SPECIAL-PURPOSE AND APPLICATION-BASED SYSTEMS
      Subjects: Real-time and embedded systems

Additional Classification:
  C. Computer Systems Organization
  C.4 PERFORMANCE OF SYSTEMS
      Subjects: Measurement techniques; Modeling techniques

General Terms:
Experimentation, Measurement, Performance, Theory

Keywords:
disk drive, low power, multimedia, speed control