An efficient approach to generic multimedia adaptation

ABSTRACT

This paper addresses efficiency issues identified in the Bitstream Syntax Description Language used by the MPEG-21 generic multimedia adaptation framework. In particular, when used to adapt modern content formats such as H.264/AVC, the time required for processing increases exponentially relative to the duration of the bitstream. In response, the paper proposes several additional features for the Bitstream Syntax Description Language which reduce the complexity of adaptation using BSDL to a linear function of bitstream duration. These features are implemented and validated using bitstreams of real-world length.

REFERENCES

• 1: Brandenburg, K. MP3 and AAC Explained High-Quality Audio Coding, AES 17th Intl. Conf. on, 1999.
• 2: "XML Path Language (XPath)," {Web site} 1999, Available: http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath
• 3: De Neve, W., et al. Using Bitstream Structure Descriptions for the Exploitation of Multi-layered Temporal Scalability in H.264/AVC's Base Specification. in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2005, pp641--652.
• 4: Devillers, S. An Extension of BSDL for Multimedia Bitstream Syntax Description. Lecture Notes in Computer Science - Topic 16: Distributed Systems and Distributed Multimedia, 2790/2004. 1216--1223, 2004.
• 5: "ECMAScript Language Specification," {Web site} 1999, Available: http://www.ecma-international.org /publications/files/ecma-st/ECMA-262.pdf
• 6: Hong, D., et al., XFlavor: bridging bits and objects in media representation. in Multimedia & Expo, 2002, IEEE Intl. Conf. on, (2002), 773--776 vol.771.
• 7: ISO/IEC. 21000-7:2004 IT - Multimedia framework (MPEG-21) - Part 7: Digital Item Adaptation, 2004.
• 8: ITU-T. Recommendation H.264: Advanced video coding for generic audiovisual services, 2005.
• 9: Rongshan, Y., et al. A scalable lossy to lossless audio coder for MPEG-4 lossless audio coding Acoustics, Speech, & Signal Processing, 2004. Proceedings. (ICASSP '04). IEEE Intl. Conf. on, 2004.
• 10: "XML Schema Part 1: Structures Second Edition," {Web site} 2004, Available: http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/
• 11: Timmerer, C., et al. Digital Item Adaptation - Coding Format Independence. in Burnett, I., et al. eds. MPEG-21, Wiley, Chichester, UK., 2006.
• 12: Vetro, A., et al. Signal Processing Magazine, IEEE - Special Issue on Universal multimedia access, 20 (2), 2003.
• 13: Wiegand, T., et al. Overview of the H.264/AVC video coding standard. Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, 13 (7). 560, 2003.

INDEX TERMS

Primary Classification:
  H. Information Systems
  H.5 INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (I.7)
      H.5.1 Multimedia Information Systems
          Subjects: Audio input/output

Additional Classification:
  H. Information Systems
  H.3 INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL
      H.3.4 Systems and Software
          Subjects: Performance evaluation (efficiency and effectiveness)
      H.3.5 On-line Information Services
          Subjects: Data sharing
  H.5 INFORMATION INTERFACES AND PRESENTATION (I.7)
      H.5.1 Multimedia Information Systems
          Subjects: Video (e.g., tape, disk, DVI); Evaluation/methodology

General Terms:
Algorithms, Languages, Performance, Standardization

Keywords:
H.264/AVC, MPEG-21, bitstream syntax description, multimedia content adaptation